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<title>ensemble</title>
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<subtitle>la vérité suffit à elle même</subtitle>
<updated>2009-11-05T18:52:25+01:00</updated>
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<name>ensemble</name>
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<title>Nourrir 9 milliards d'hommes en préservant la planète ?</title>
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<id>tag:ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com,2009-10-09:48151</id>
<updated>2009-10-09T11:39:24+02:00</updated>
<published>2009-11-07T03:38:00+01:00</published>
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<summary>       Normal   0       21       false   false   false     FR   X-NONE...</summary>
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&lt;p&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt; &lt;w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt; &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt; &lt;w:TrackMoves /&gt; &lt;w:TrackFormatting /&gt; &lt;w:HyphenationZone&gt;21&lt;/w:HyphenationZone&gt; &lt;w:PunctuationKerning /&gt; &lt;w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /&gt; &lt;w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;false&lt;/w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt; &lt;w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;false&lt;/w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt; &lt;w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;false&lt;/w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt; &lt;w:DoNotPromoteQF /&gt; &lt;w:LidThemeOther&gt;FR&lt;/w:LidThemeOther&gt; &lt;w:LidThemeAsian&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeAsian&gt; &lt;w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt; &lt;w:Compatibility&gt; &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables /&gt; &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell /&gt; &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct /&gt; &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules /&gt; &lt;w:DontGrowAutofit /&gt; &lt;w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark /&gt; &lt;w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp /&gt; &lt;w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables /&gt; &lt;w:DontVertAlignInTxbx /&gt; &lt;w:Word11KerningPairs /&gt; &lt;w:CachedColBalance /&gt; &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt; &lt;w:BrowserLevel&gt;MicrosoftInternetExplorer4&lt;/w:BrowserLevel&gt; &lt;m:mathPr&gt; &lt;m:mathFont m:val=&quot;Cambria Math&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:brkBin m:val=&quot;before&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:brkBinSub m:val=&quot;&amp;#45;-&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:smallFrac m:val=&quot;off&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:dispDef /&gt; &lt;m:lMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:rMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:defJc m:val=&quot;centerGroup&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:wrapIndent m:val=&quot;1440&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:intLim m:val=&quot;subSup&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:naryLim m:val=&quot;undOvr&quot; /&gt; &lt;/m:mathPr&gt;&lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt; &lt;w:LatentStyles DefLockedState=&quot;false&quot; DefUnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;   DefSemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; DefQFormat=&quot;false&quot; DefPriority=&quot;99&quot;   LatentStyleCount=&quot;267&quot;&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; 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/&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 8&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 9&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;35&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;caption&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;10&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Title&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;1&quot; Name=&quot;Default Paragraph Font&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;11&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtitle&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;22&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Strong&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;20&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Emphasis&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;59&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Table Grid&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Placeholder Text&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;1&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;No Spacing&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Revision&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;34&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;29&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Quote&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;30&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Quote&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; 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Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; 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QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;32&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;33&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Book Title&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;37&quot; Name=&quot;Bibliography&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;TOC Heading&quot; /&gt; &lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt;  /* Style Definitions */  table.MsoNormalTable         {mso-style-name:&quot;Tableau Normal&quot;;         mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;         mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;         mso-style-noshow:yes;         mso-style-priority:99;         mso-style-qformat:yes;         mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;;         mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;         mso-para-margin-top:0cm;         mso-para-margin-right:0cm;         mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;         mso-para-margin-left:0cm;         line-height:115%;         mso-pagination:widow-orphan;         font-size:11.0pt;         font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;         mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;         mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;         mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;         mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;         mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;         mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} &lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Nourrir 9 milliards d'hommes en préservant la planète ?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;En 2050, la planète comptera 9 milliards d'individus, soit 2 milliards de plus qu'aujourd'hui à nourrir. Les récentes émeutes de la faim nous ont montré que la sécurité alimentaire était pourtant loin d'être acquise. Qui plus est en respectant l'environnement. Selon un travail prospectif du Cirad et de l'Inra, l'objectif pourrait être atteint, mais avec des changements radicaux.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;2050&amp;nbsp;: les 9 milliards d’habitants que compte la planète peuvent manger à leur faim et les habitants de chaque région du monde disposent de 3000 kcal/hab/jour pour se nourrir. C'est en tous cas le scénario imaginé par le Cirad et l’Inra. Dans ce travail prospectif, le régime alimentaire est diversifié et reste distinct selon les pays. Seule la consommation de viande est limitée à 15% des kilocalories ingurgitées. Mais il s'agit là d'un changement radical. Car&amp;nbsp;si l’on revient 40 ans en arrière, à notre époque donc, les pays développés disposent d'en moyenne de 1000 kcal/hab/jour supplémentaires, tandis que les populations du Sud se contentent d’autant en moins…&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Selon les chercheurs, ce nouvel équilibre est en partie atteint en limitant&amp;nbsp;les pertes entre la production et la consommation de nourriture qui représente 30% de la production en 2009 dans les pays développés. De plus, en 2050, le modèle agro-industriel imaginé dans le scénario repose sur des circuits courts et un vivier de PME agricoles et de transformation - surtout dans les pays en développement. Pour les chercheurs, ce mouvement, à rebours de la concentration observée au début des années 2000, pourrait être impulsé par les grandes firmes qui, sous la pression des ONG et des associations de consommateurs,&amp;nbsp;auront mieux pris en compte la&amp;nbsp; responsabilité sociale de leur entreprise …Enfin, pour assurer la production des denrées, une «&amp;nbsp;agronomie écologiquement intensive&amp;nbsp;» a été développée. La surface agricole a crû de près de 40% par rapport à 2000 mais les espaces forestiers ont été protégés au maximum: les forêts n’ont perdu qu’1% de leur superficie. En revanche, les pâturages, devenus les variables d’ajustement, ont été réduits de 15%.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Un scénario idéaliste&amp;nbsp;?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Intitulé «&amp;nbsp;Agrimonde&amp;nbsp;», ce scénario qui semble idéal montre que nourrir convenablement les 9 milliards d’habitants de la planète en 2050 est possible et ce, dans le cadre d'un développement durable des systèmes alimentaires et agricoles mondiaux. «&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;Il ne prédit pas l’avenir mais pose les bases d’une réflexion en se demandant comment réaliser davantage de croisements entre agronomie et écologie, deux disciplines qui se sont longtemps développées chacune de leur côté&lt;/i&gt; », explique la présidente de l’Inra, Marion Guillou. Le scénario est en effet bâti à l’envers dans le sens où les chercheurs ont d’abord posé les conditions – 3000 kcal/hab/jour tout en préservant l’environnement– avant d’en explorer la faisabilité. Pour cela, ils s’appuient sur des données quantitatives, une rétrospective de l’évolution du système alimentaire entre 1961 et 2003, ainsi que sur des avis d’experts pour intégrer notamment l’impact du changement climatique.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Plusieurs freins ont toutefois été identifiés. En premier lieu les changements d’habitudes alimentaires, qui sont en totale rupture avec celles que nous connaissons actuellement. Par exemple, le gaspillage des denrées entre l’acte d’achat et de consommation dans les pays développés peut-il être suffisamment réduit&amp;nbsp;? Est-il envisageable de voir la courbe des adultes en surpoids (censée atteindre 3 milliards en 2050, dont 1 milliard d’obèses) s’infléchir&amp;nbsp;? Concernant les rendements ensuite, l’exercice s’appuie, entre autres, sur une moindre consommation d’énergies fossiles et d’engrais ainsi qu’une meilleure valorisation des sols. Mais «&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;tout cela n’est pas encore bien établi et nécessite recherches et expérimentations, tant scientifiques que paysannes…&lt;/i&gt; », précisent les chercheurs en ajoutant que cela rend indispensables des «&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;investissements considérables&lt;/i&gt; »…&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Une base de négociation&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;« &lt;i&gt;La question alimentaire est très complexe (…) mais cette complexité ne doit pas effrayer et conduire à l’immobilisme,&lt;/i&gt; expliquent les deux centres de recherche dans un communiqué. &lt;i&gt;La démarche prospective invite à anticiper les défis qui s’annoncent au-delà de la situation présente.&lt;/i&gt; » De fait, les travaux d’Agrimonde ont déjà commencé à être présentés dans différentes institutions à l’étranger. Car depuis les émeutes de la faim en 2008, la question de la sécurité alimentaire est enfin devenue un vrai sujet de réflexion, et les deux centres de recherche entendent bien apporter leur pierre aux négociations qui commencent à voir le jour.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Car l’un des apports essentiels de ce travail est de montrer qu’il sera indispensable de développer encore davantage les échanges internationaux des produits agricoles et alimentaires au cours des prochaines décennies. «&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;L’articulation entre régulations environnementales et régulations commerciale sera donc nécessaire&lt;/i&gt; », précise la synthèse des travaux. Les auteurs imaginent d’ailleurs une régulation des échanges des biens alimentaires au travers d’une nouvelle instance, l’Organisation des Nations Unies pour la Sécurité alimentaire, qui permettrait d’éviter les distorsions de concurrence, de protéger les pays dépendants des importations agricoles, et de tenir compte des enjeux environnementaux. Mais le chemin est encore long, reconnaissent les&amp;nbsp;chercheurs&amp;nbsp;: « &lt;i&gt;On sait qu’il s’agit là d’un chantier difficile qui ne fait que commencer&lt;/i&gt;.&amp;nbsp;»&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;table class=&quot;MsoNormalTable&quot; style=&quot;width: 100%;&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;&gt; &lt;tbody&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td style=&quot;padding: 0cm;&quot;&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right; line-height: normal;&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Béatrice Héraud&lt;br /&gt; Mis en ligne le : 09/10/2009&lt;br /&gt; © 2009 Novethic - Tous droits réservés&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt; &lt;/table&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Le changement climatique pèse sur la sécurité alimentaire&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;A l’avenir, le changement climatique sera «&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;l’un des plus grands défis que devra relever l’agriculture pour nourrir la population&amp;nbsp;mondiale&lt;/i&gt; », estime la FAO dans un rapport publié fin septembre. Et ce seront «&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;les régions les plus pauvres ayant les niveaux les plus élevés de faim chronique&lt;/i&gt; » qui seront les plus impactées. Résultat&amp;nbsp;: les pays en développement pourraient voir leur productivité agricole potentielle chuter de 9 à 21 %. Certaines zones comme l’Afrique subsaharienne vont alors accroître leur dépendance envers les importations alimentaires. Par ailleurs, elle chiffre à 83 milliards de dollars par an les investissements nécessaires pour nourrir les 9,1 milliards de personnes en 2050, soit une augmentation de 50%.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<author>
<name>ensemble</name>
<uri>http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/about.html</uri>
</author>
<title>Plan Cancer 2009-2013: quelle place pour l’environnement?</title>
<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/archive/2009/11/07/plan-cancer-2009-2013-quelle-place-pour-l-environnement.html" />
<id>tag:ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com,2009-10-08:48131</id>
<updated>2009-10-08T19:27:34+02:00</updated>
<published>2009-11-07T03:26:00+01:00</published>
<category term="Santé" scheme="http://www.blogspirit.com/ns/types#category" />
<category term="loc maria plouzane" scheme="http://www.blogspirit.com/ns/types#tag" />
<summary>       Normal   0       21       false   false   false     FR   X-NONE...</summary>
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Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 7&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 8&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 9&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 7&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 8&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 9&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;35&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;caption&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;10&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Title&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;1&quot; Name=&quot;Default Paragraph Font&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;11&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtitle&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;22&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Strong&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;20&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Emphasis&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;59&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Table Grid&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Placeholder Text&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;1&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;No Spacing&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Revision&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;34&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;29&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Quote&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;30&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Quote&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; 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        mso-style-qformat:yes;         mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;;         mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;         mso-para-margin-top:0cm;         mso-para-margin-right:0cm;         mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;         mso-para-margin-left:0cm;         line-height:115%;         mso-pagination:widow-orphan;         font-size:11.0pt;         font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;         mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;         mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;         mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;         mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;         mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;         mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} &lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Plan Cancer 2009-2013: quelle place pour l’environnement?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;08/10/2009&amp;nbsp;12:44 LE JOURNAL DE L ENVIRONNEMENT&lt;br /&gt; La lutte contre les inégalités face au cancer, notamment celles dues à l’environnement et au travail, sera un des nouveaux défis du plan Cancer 2009-2013 qui sera dévoilé par le président Sarkozy d’ici la fin octobre. Ses enjeux ont été rappelés lors des rencontres annuelles de l’Institut national du cancer (INCa) mercredi 7 octobre.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;«Nous avons veillé à la cohérence entre le plan Cancer et les autres plans de santé publique notamment le plan national Santé environnement (PNSE II) [publié le 10 juillet dernier] et le plan Santé au travail», a déclaré Didier Houssin, directeur général de la santé, lors de son intervention au colloque. «Les arbitrages finaux ne sont pas encore rendus, mais le président s’exprimera bientôt», a-t-il précisé. Inscrit dans la lignée du premier plan Cancer (2003-2008), le futur plan, qui devait initialement être présenté en juin, comprendra deux nouveaux volets, la lutte contre les inégalités face au cancer, et la qualité de vie pendant et après la maladie, conformément aux recommandations du rapport Grünfeld. Remis au président de la République en février (1) ce rapport devrait constituer «l’ossature» du nouveau plan, selon les termes du président de l’INCa, Dominique Maraninchi.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Les inégalités de santé sont en effet encore très prégnantes et s’aggraveraient même. «Malgré le doublement de l’espérance de vie depuis deux siècles, un différentiel de 7 ans demeure entre celle d’un cadre et celle d’un ouvrier», explique le professeur Jean-Pierre Grünfeld, auteur du rapport «Recommandations pour le plan Cancer 2009-2013». Face au cancer, ces inégalités se traduisent par des écarts d’incidence et de mortalité. Les cancers de l’œsophage et des voies aéro-digestives supérieures (VADS) sont ainsi plus fréquents dans les populations défavorisées tandis que les cancers du côlon et du sein prévalent dans les milieux aisés. «En partie liées au mode de vie (tabac, alcool) et à un accès réduit au système de soin, les causes se trouvent aussi du côté de l’environnement et du travail», explique Chantal Cases, directrice de l’Institut de recherche et de documentation en économie de la santé (Irdes). Les cancers des VADS sont ainsi deux fois plus fréquents chez les travailleurs manuels que chez les autres travailleurs, avec des consommations de tabac et d’alcool similaires.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Entre 11.000 et 23.000 nouveaux cancers professionnels sont recensés chaque année, et plus de 2,3 millions de salariés (13,5 %) auraient été exposés à un ou plusieurs facteurs cancérogènes au cours de leur vie professionnelle (enquête Sumer 2003). Gérard Lasfargues, directeur adjoint de l’Afsset, souligne la difficulté liée à l’application de la réglementation dans les PME qui représentent 80% du tissu industriel français. «Leurs salariés issus de catégories défavorisées cumulent une double exposition à risque, professionnelle et environnementale, étant davantage exposés à des pollutions de l’air intérieur et extérieur», explique-t-il.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Pour André Cicollela, porte-parole du Réseau santé environnement (RES), «au-delà du travail, il faut considérer les inégalités environnementales». Il dit regretter «la vision de l’environnement étriquée du rapport Grünfeld» et souhaiterait un volet environnement dans le plan Cancer. Le nombre de cancers imputables aux facteurs environnementaux varie selon la définition donnée à l’environnement, large (alimentation, alcool, tabac) ou restreinte (pollutions, agents physiques), et selon les facteurs de risque étudiés (avérés ou suspectés). Il est estimé entre 5 à 10% pour l’InVS et à 19% pour l’OMS. Selon Christopher Wild, directeur du Centre international de recherche sur le cancer (Circ) «90% des cancers pourraient être évités car liés à l’environnement ou au mode de vie». A condition de se donner les moyens d’en déterminer les causes, largement ignorées aujourd’hui. «Pour les cancers en augmentation comme ceux des testicules et les lymphomes, mais aussi pour d’autres comme les leucémies chez l’enfant, il faut développer la recherche», confirme Denis Hémon, professeur d’épidémiologie à l’université Paris Sud. Les intervenants au colloque ont insisté sur la nécessité de conduire des études de populations larges (cohortes), de développer la biosurveillance et l’étude des multi-expositions à doses faibles.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Hier, le Parisien a dévoilé en avant-première quelques mesures-phares du futur plan Cancer, dont l’augmentation de 10% du prix du tabac la première année et de 3% les suivantes. Jean-Paul Moatti, professeur d’économie à l’université d’Aix-Marseille II, met en garde contre l’effet pervers d’une telle mesure. Ainsi, malgré son bien-fondé sanitaire, elle peut aggraver les inégalités en appauvrissant les plus défavorisés qui, contrairement aux plus aisés, ne renoncent pas facilement à ce produit considéré comme de première nécessité. Parmi les autres mesures figureraient des formations pour l’entourage des patients, l’aide à l’insertion sociale et professionnelle après la guérison, la promotion de l’activité physique et la lutte contre l’obésité. Mais rien sur l'environnement...&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;i&gt;(1) Dans le JDLE «Futur plan Cancer: les recommandations liées à l’environnement»&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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</entry>
<entry>
<author>
<name>ensemble</name>
<uri>http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/about.html</uri>
</author>
<title>Climat : les négociateurs pressent les chefs d'Etat de prendre leurs responsabilités</title>
<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/archive/2009/11/07/climat-les-negociateurs-pressent-les-chefs-d-etat-de-prendre.html" />
<id>tag:ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com,2009-10-08:48129</id>
<updated>2009-10-08T19:20:14+02:00</updated>
<published>2009-11-07T03:19:00+01:00</published>
<category term="CLIMAT" scheme="http://www.blogspirit.com/ns/types#category" />
<category term="loc maria plouzane" scheme="http://www.blogspirit.com/ns/types#tag" />
<summary>       Normal   0       21       false   false   false     FR   X-NONE...</summary>
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Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 2&quot; 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Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;19&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;21&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;31&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;32&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;33&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Book Title&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;37&quot; Name=&quot;Bibliography&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;TOC Heading&quot; /&gt; &lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt;  /* Style Definitions */  table.MsoNormalTable         {mso-style-name:&quot;Tableau Normal&quot;;         mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;         mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;         mso-style-noshow:yes;         mso-style-priority:99;         mso-style-qformat:yes;         mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;;         mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;         mso-para-margin-top:0cm;         mso-para-margin-right:0cm;         mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;         mso-para-margin-left:0cm;         line-height:115%;         mso-pagination:widow-orphan;         font-size:11.0pt;         font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;         mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;         mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;         mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;         mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;         mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;         mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} &lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 24pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Climat : les négociateurs pressent les chefs d'Etat de prendre leurs responsabilités&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;LEMONDE.FR avec AFP | 08.10.09 | 18h01&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;dropcap&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt; deux mois du sommet de Copenhague sur le réchauffement climatique, la perspective d'un accord s'éloigne. Alors que l'avant-dernière session de négociations s'achève vendredi 9 octobre à Bangkok (Danemark), les négociateurs, chargés par leur pays de préparer le futur accord, appellent à un geste politique fort. Ils ont demandé, jeudi, aux dirigeants des pays industrialisés à avancer des chiffres clairs sur leurs objectifs de réduction de gaz à effet de serre et sur le financement de l'aide aux pays du Sud.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Le processus a besoin du soutien des leaders politiques au plus haut niveau pour aboutir à un résultat&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, a déclaré &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lemonde.fr/sujet/1418/yvo-de-boer.html&quot;&gt;Yvo de Boer&lt;/a&gt;, plus haut responsable du climat aux Nations unies. &lt;em&gt;&quot;Le fait est que si nous ne voyons pas d'avancées sur les points politiques clés (...), il va devenir très difficile pour les négociateurs de poursuivre leur travail dans un climat constructif&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, a-t-il ajouté.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&quot;IL Y A BEAUCOUP DE JEUX DANS CES NÉGOCIATIONS&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;La réunion de Bangkok a permis des débats &lt;em&gt;&quot;constructifs&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, mais aussi suscité de vives tensions sur le format d'un éventuel accord mondial en décembre à Copenhague (7 au 18 décembre) qui doit donner une suite au protocole de Kyoto. L'Union européenne a pris des engagements clairs sur les émissions de gaz à effet de serre, prévoyant une baisse de 20 % par rapport à 1990 d'ici à 2020, avec possibilité de passer à 30 % en cas d'accord international. Sur la question du financement, elle a évalué à 100 milliards d'euros&amp;nbsp;par an les besoins nécessaires en la matière d'ici à 2020. Mais la répartition de l'effort de financement au sein de l'UE est source de tensions récurrentes, en raison notamment des réticences de certains pays de l'Est. Quant aux Etats-Unis, ils n'ont avancé aucun chiffre de réduction de leurs émissions dans les négociations internationales, suscitant une impatience croissante alors que la bataille autour du projet de loi climat vient de débuter au Sénat.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Devant l'ampleur de la tâche qui reste à accomplir, la plupart des délégués anticipent un final à haute tension le 18 décembre à Copenhague, dernière journée théorique du rendez-vous danois. Pour &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lemonde.fr/sujet/cba9/bruno-sekoli.html&quot;&gt;Bruno Sekoli&lt;/a&gt;, qui préside le groupe des pays les moins avancés (49 pays dont 33 africains), l'exercice est périlleux et regrettable. &lt;em&gt;&quot;Il y a beaucoup de jeux dans ces négociations&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, explique-t-il. &lt;em&gt;&quot;L'un d'entre eux consiste à dire :&lt;/em&gt; 'Si vous avez quelque chose à annoncer, attendez le 18&lt;em&gt;. Je pense que c'est très dangereux. Nous travaillons sur un accord majeur qui aura un impact sur plusieurs générations à venir&quot;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;fen&quot; id=&quot;fen&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Deux Français sur trois ne croient pas à un accord sur le climat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Les Français sont majoritairement pessimistes sur l'issue des négociations à Copenhague. C'est ce que révèle un sondage pour le mensuel &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.planete-terra.fr/67-des-Francais-pessimistes-sur-l,1655.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Terra Eco&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; publié jeudi 8 octobre. A la question : &lt;i&gt;&quot;Pensez-vous que les chefs d'Etat (...) parviendront à se mettre d'accord pour lutter efficacement contre le changement climatique ?&quot;&lt;/i&gt;, 77 % des sondés de gauche répondent non, 72 % des Verts et 67 % du Modem. En revanche, les sympathisants de droite sont un peu plus confiants (55 % de non et 35 % oui), selon l'enquête conduite par l'institut Opinion Way.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<author>
<name>ensemble</name>
<uri>http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/about.html</uri>
</author>
<title>La Grande Bretagne poursuivi par Bruxelles pour pollution fluviale et maritime</title>
<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/archive/2009/11/07/la-grande-bretagne-poursuivi-par-bruxelles-pour-pollution-fl.html" />
<id>tag:ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com,2009-10-08:48128</id>
<updated>2009-10-08T19:17:06+02:00</updated>
<published>2009-11-07T03:16:00+01:00</published>
<category term="INTERNATIONAL" scheme="http://www.blogspirit.com/ns/types#category" />
<category term="loc maria plouzane" scheme="http://www.blogspirit.com/ns/types#tag" />
<summary>       Normal   0       21       false   false   false     FR   X-NONE...</summary>
<content type="html" xml:base="http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/">
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        mso-style-qformat:yes;         mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;;         mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;         mso-para-margin-top:0cm;         mso-para-margin-right:0cm;         mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;         mso-para-margin-left:0cm;         line-height:115%;         mso-pagination:widow-orphan;         font-size:11.0pt;         font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;         mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;         mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;         mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;         mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;         mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;         mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} &lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 24pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;La Grande Bretagne poursuivi par Bruxelles pour pollution fluviale et maritime&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;LEMONDE.FR avec AFP | 08.10.09 | 15h39&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;firstline&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;dropcap&quot;&gt;L&lt;/span&gt;a Commission européenne a assigné, jeudi 8 octobre, la Grande-Bretagne en justice et adressé un avertissement à l'Espagne pour des négligences dans le traitement des eaux usées, qui ont entraîné une pollution fluviale et maritime.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Londres et Madrid risquent de payer de fortes amendes s'ils ne se conforment pas aux recommandations européennes. La Commission a décidé de traduire le Royaume-Uni devant la Cour de justice des Communautés européennes (CEJ) au motif que les systèmes de collecte des eaux urbaines résiduaires et les installations de traitement de ces eaux de Londres et de Whitburn (nord-est de l'Angleterre) ne sont pas conformes à la législation communautaire. &lt;em&gt;&quot;Les systèmes de collecte des eaux résiduaires de Londres et de Whitburn donnent lieu à des rejets trop fréquents et en quantités excessives d'eaux résiduaires non traitées provenant des déversoirs d'orage&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, a déploré la Commission dans un communiqué.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Dans le cas de l'Espagne, la Commission a envoyé un &lt;em&gt;&quot;dernier avertissement&quot;&lt;/em&gt; avant la saisie de la CEJ. Elle reproche à Madrid de ne pas avoir respecté un arrêt de la Cour relatif au traitement des eaux usées à Playa de la Motilla, dans la région de Valence (est de l'Espagne).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Les eaux urbaines résiduaires non traitées sont une menace pour la santé des citoyens européens et nuisent à la qualité des cours d'eau, des lacs et des eaux côtières de l'Europe. Je conseille vivement à l'Espagne de faire diligence pour régler le problème, faute de quoi, la Commission envisagera de demander à la Cour de lui infliger des amendes&quot;&lt;/em&gt;, a dit &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lemonde.fr/sujet/61b6/stavros-dimas.html&quot;&gt;Stavros Dimas&lt;/a&gt;, commissaire européen chargé de l'environnement.&lt;/p&gt;
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<author>
<name>ensemble</name>
<uri>http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/about.html</uri>
</author>
<title>Le procès de «l’Erika» ou le prix de la nature endeuillée</title>
<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/archive/2009/11/07/le-proces-de-l-erika-ou-le-prix-de-la-nature-endeuillee.html" />
<id>tag:ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com,2009-11-05:49330</id>
<updated>2009-11-05T18:52:25+01:00</updated>
<published>2009-11-07T00:51:00+01:00</published>
<category term="JUSTICE" scheme="http://www.blogspirit.com/ns/types#category" />
<category term="loc maria plouzane" scheme="http://www.blogspirit.com/ns/types#tag" />
<summary>       Normal   0       21       false   false   false     FR   X-NONE...</summary>
<content type="html" xml:base="http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/">
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&lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Revision&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;34&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;29&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Quote&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;30&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Quote&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;19&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;21&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;31&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;32&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;33&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Book Title&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;37&quot; Name=&quot;Bibliography&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;TOC Heading&quot; /&gt; &lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt;  /* Style Definitions */  table.MsoNormalTable         {mso-style-name:&quot;Tableau Normal&quot;;         mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;         mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;         mso-style-noshow:yes;         mso-style-priority:99;         mso-style-qformat:yes;         mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;;         mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;         mso-para-margin-top:0cm;         mso-para-margin-right:0cm;         mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;         mso-para-margin-left:0cm;         line-height:115%;         mso-pagination:widow-orphan;         font-size:11.0pt;         font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;         mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;         mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;         mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;         mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;         mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;         mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} &lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 24pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Le procès de «l’Erika» ou le prix de la nature endeuillée&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Marée noire . Des collectivités locales et la Ligue de protection des oiseaux demandent que soit reconnue l’atteinte au patrimoine naturel.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.liberation.fr/terre/0101601292-le-proces-de-l-erika-ou-le-prix-de-la-nature-endeuillee&quot; title=&quot;Réagir&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;LE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; 05/11/2009 LIBERATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Par&lt;/span&gt; &lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;ELIANE PATRIARCA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Aquoi sert un eider à duvet&amp;nbsp;?»&lt;/em&gt; C’est Allain Bougrain Dubourg, le président de la Ligue pour la protection des oiseaux (LPO), qui a osé la question mardi, au procès en appel de l’&lt;em&gt;Erika&lt;/em&gt;. L’eider à duvet, c’est ce canard marin qui, depuis la marée noire provoquée par le naufrage du pétrolier, en&amp;nbsp;1999, a disparu du golfe de Gascogne. &lt;em&gt;«A quoi sert la Joconde&amp;nbsp;? Comme on est fier de son patrimoine culturel, on peut être fier de son patrimoine naturel, a-t-il argumenté. La biodiversité, c’est notre assurance-vie, la France est riche d’un tissu vivant exceptionnel mais la différence avec le patrimoine culturel c’est qu’on ne connaît pas le prix de la nature.»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mazoutés.&lt;/strong&gt; En première instance, la LPO avait obtenu, au-delà de l’indemnisation de ses préjudices matériel et moral, celle du &lt;em&gt;«préjudice résultant d’une atteinte à l’environnement»&lt;/em&gt;. Une notion neuve en droit français. Le juge avait reconnu le rôle de gardien de l’environnement de la LPO qui, depuis quatre-vingt-dix-huit ans, protège les oiseaux. La LPO a collecté 74 000 oiseaux mazoutés dont 32 000 vivants&amp;nbsp;; 20 000&amp;nbsp;ont été soignés, mais seuls 2 100&amp;nbsp;ont été relâchés. Au moins 150 000&amp;nbsp;auraient succombé.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Cité comme témoin par la LPO, Jacques Trouvilliez, directeur du service du patrimoine naturel au Muséum national d’histoire naturelle, a expliqué qu’il était difficile d’évaluer l’atteinte à la biodiversité en &lt;em&gt;«l’absence d’un état initial, avant catastrophe».&lt;/em&gt; En revanche, pour les oiseaux, il a pu s’appuyer sur les comptages faits dans le golfe de Gascogne par des chercheurs du CNRS de Bordeaux. &lt;em&gt;«Avant&amp;nbsp;l999, 500 000&amp;nbsp;oiseaux marins fréquentaient le golfe, un site majeur d’hivernage. 15%, en fourchette basse, auraient succombé à la marée noire.&lt;/em&gt;» &lt;em&gt;«En outre&lt;/em&gt;, a-t-il ajouté, sur la Liste rouge des espèces menacées en France, actualisée en&amp;nbsp;2008 par l’Union internationale de conservation de la nature, &lt;em&gt;trois sur les onze espèces d’oiseaux sont des victimes de l’Erika&amp;nbsp;: l’eider à duvet, le macareux moine et le pingouin commun&lt;/em&gt;.» L’oiseau est &lt;em&gt;«un indicateur de l’état de santé du milieu»&lt;/em&gt; et les changements, de répartition et de diminution d’espèces, témoignent d’une profonde atteinte de la niche écologique.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Puis, ce sont les collectivités qui ont témoigné pour faire valoir leur droit à une réparation du préjudice environnemental. En première instance, seul le Morbihan l’avait obtenu&amp;nbsp;: il avait su démontrer qu’il intervenait comme gestionnaire d’espaces naturels sensibles. Cette fois, les régions Bretagne, Poitou-Charentes et Pays de la Loire demandent chacune 30&amp;nbsp;millions d’euros à ce titre, et le Finistère&amp;nbsp;10. Toutes soulignent les &lt;em&gt;«euros investis dans la protection de l’environnement»&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;i&gt;Réparation.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Le mazoutage des côtes, ce n’est pas juste des années de tourisme perdu, ou des kilomètres de littoral à réhabiliter,&lt;/em&gt; a noté Jean-Yves Le Drian, président de Bretagne. &lt;em&gt;C’est d’abord une atteinte à notre intégrité, à notre patrimoine collectif.»&lt;/em&gt; Or, selon lui, les collectivités sont &lt;em&gt;«garantes du patrimoine écologique»&lt;/em&gt; La preuve&amp;nbsp;? &lt;em&gt;«Les contrats de plan et les contrats nature, conclus dans le cadre d’un partenariat avec l’Etat.»&lt;/em&gt; Pour Jacques Auxiette, président des Pays de la Loire, le conseil régional &lt;em&gt;«gère et finance des réserves ou des parcs naturels, tel celui de la Brière, souillé par le mazout de l’Erika».&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Motivation supplémentaire pour ces collectivités&amp;nbsp;: l’Etat n’a pas jugé utile de demander réparation du préjudice écologique provoqué par le pétrolier affrété par Total SA.&lt;/p&gt;
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<author>
<name>ensemble</name>
<uri>http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/about.html</uri>
</author>
<title>Plan pour l’assainissement non collectif: des acteurs sceptiques</title>
<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/archive/2009/11/06/plan-pour-l-assainissement-non-collectif-des-acteurs-sceptiq.html" />
<id>tag:ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com,2009-10-07:48096</id>
<updated>2009-10-07T15:42:08+02:00</updated>
<published>2009-11-06T03:40:00+01:00</published>
<category term="COLLECTIVITES" scheme="http://www.blogspirit.com/ns/types#category" />
<category term="loc maria plouzane" scheme="http://www.blogspirit.com/ns/types#tag" />
<summary>       Normal   0       21       false   false   false     FR   X-NONE...</summary>
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/&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;19&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;21&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;31&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;32&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;33&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Book Title&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;37&quot; Name=&quot;Bibliography&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;TOC Heading&quot; /&gt; &lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt; &lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;mce:style&gt;&lt;!    /* Style Definitions */  table.MsoNormalTable         {mso-style-name:&quot;Tableau Normal&quot;;         mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;         mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;         mso-style-noshow:yes;         mso-style-priority:99;         mso-style-qformat:yes;         mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;;         mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;         mso-para-margin-top:0cm;         mso-para-margin-right:0cm;         mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;         mso-para-margin-left:0cm;         line-height:115%;         mso-pagination:widow-orphan;         font-size:11.0pt;         font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;         mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;         mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;         mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;         mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;         mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;         mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}  --&gt; &lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt; &lt;w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt; &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt; &lt;w:TrackMoves /&gt; &lt;w:TrackFormatting /&gt; &lt;w:HyphenationZone&gt;21&lt;/w:HyphenationZone&gt; &lt;w:PunctuationKerning /&gt; &lt;w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /&gt; &lt;w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;false&lt;/w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt; &lt;w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;false&lt;/w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt; &lt;w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;false&lt;/w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt; &lt;w:DoNotPromoteQF /&gt; &lt;w:LidThemeOther&gt;FR&lt;/w:LidThemeOther&gt; &lt;w:LidThemeAsian&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeAsian&gt; &lt;w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt; &lt;w:Compatibility&gt; &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables /&gt; &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell /&gt; &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct /&gt; &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules /&gt; &lt;w:DontGrowAutofit /&gt; &lt;w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark /&gt; &lt;w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp /&gt; &lt;w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables /&gt; &lt;w:DontVertAlignInTxbx /&gt; &lt;w:Word11KerningPairs /&gt; &lt;w:CachedColBalance /&gt; &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt; &lt;w:BrowserLevel&gt;MicrosoftInternetExplorer4&lt;/w:BrowserLevel&gt; &lt;m:mathPr&gt; &lt;m:mathFont m:val=&quot;Cambria Math&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:brkBin m:val=&quot;before&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:brkBinSub m:val=&quot;&amp;#45;-&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:smallFrac m:val=&quot;off&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:dispDef /&gt; &lt;m:lMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:rMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:defJc m:val=&quot;centerGroup&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:wrapIndent m:val=&quot;1440&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:intLim m:val=&quot;subSup&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:naryLim m:val=&quot;undOvr&quot; /&gt; &lt;/m:mathPr&gt;&lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt; &lt;w:LatentStyles DefLockedState=&quot;false&quot; DefUnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;   DefSemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; DefQFormat=&quot;false&quot; DefPriority=&quot;99&quot;   LatentStyleCount=&quot;267&quot;&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;0&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Normal&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 7&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 8&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 9&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 7&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 8&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 9&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;35&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;caption&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;10&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Title&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;1&quot; Name=&quot;Default Paragraph Font&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;11&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtitle&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;22&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Strong&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;20&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Emphasis&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;59&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Table Grid&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Placeholder Text&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;1&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;No Spacing&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Revision&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;34&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;29&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Quote&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;30&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Quote&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;19&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;21&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;31&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;32&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;33&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Book Title&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;37&quot; Name=&quot;Bibliography&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;TOC Heading&quot; /&gt; &lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt; &lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;mce:style&gt;&lt;!    /* Style Definitions */  table.MsoNormalTable         {mso-style-name:&quot;Tableau Normal&quot;;         mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;         mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;         mso-style-noshow:yes;         mso-style-priority:99;         mso-style-qformat:yes;         mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;;         mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;         mso-para-margin-top:0cm;         mso-para-margin-right:0cm;         mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;         mso-para-margin-left:0cm;         line-height:115%;         mso-pagination:widow-orphan;         font-size:11.0pt;         font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;         mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;         mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;         mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;         mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;         mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;         mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}  --&gt; &lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Plan pour l’assainissement non collectif: des acteurs sceptiques&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;07/10/2009&amp;nbsp;11:33 JOURNAL DE L ENVIRONNEMENT&lt;br /&gt; Le projet de plan d’action du Meeddm présenté la semaine dernière mettra-t-il un terme au dossier des services publics d’ANC? Bien qu’il aille dans le bon sens, les financements manquent, ainsi que la publication de trois arrêtés, devenue une véritable Arlésienne. L'idée d'une mutualisation des services d’assainissement, public et non collectif, semble progresser.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Présenté mercredi 30 septembre au cours des Assises de l’assainissement non collectif (ANC) d’Evreux, le projet de plan d’action du Meeddm dans ce domaine prévu pour la période 2009-2013 se décline en 4 axes (1). A cette date, les contrôles des installations d’ANC devront avoir été achevés, et le vendeur d’un bâtiment non raccordé aux égouts devra justifier du bon fonctionnement de son installation.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Le projet de plan se traduit notamment par le conditionnement de la délivrance du permis de construire d’un bâtiment à la conformité du projet d’installation de l’ANC, prévu par le projet de loi «Grenelle II»; le développement de la formation des services publics de l’ANC (Spanc) et la mise à leur disposition, ainsi qu’aux agences de l’eau, d’une grille d’évaluation du risque sanitaire et environnemental; la mise en place d’un observatoire de l’ANC créé par l’Office national de l’eau et des milieux aquatiques (Onema). Le Meeddm envisage aussi la création d’une charte nationale de l’ANC, peut-être pour la fin du premier semestre 2010.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Le plan a été diversement reçu par les professionnels du secteur, qui observent tout de même une avancée. Mais «l’idée des Spanc résulte de la loi sur l’eau de 1992, rappelle Michel Desmars, chef du département Eau et assainissement de la Fédération nationale des collectivités concédantes et régies (FNCCR). Que n’a-t-on fait ce plan plus tôt? Pendant plus de 15 ans, on a laissé les collectivités se débrouiller toutes seules. Les problèmes actuels viennent de ce qu’on n’a pas mis les moyens financiers nécessaires». Une question sur laquelle «le ministère reste discret».&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Pour Stéphane Bernhard, juriste Environnement à l’association de consommateurs CLCV, ce plan fait l’impasse sur la concertation locale. Certaines communes n’ont toujours pas créé leur Spanc alors qu’elles étaient tenues de le faire en 2006. Et le coût variable du contrôle des installations –de 50 à 200 euros– demeure inexpliqué pour l’usager. «Beaucoup d’associations locales d’usagers se constituent, c’est bien la preuve que cela se passe mal sur le terrain.» Et de citer certains Spanc qui font des contrôles tous les 4 ans, quand la loi en permet un tous les 8 ans. «En termes de redevance, c’est le double!».&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Les Spanc n’en finissent donc pas de faire des vagues. La question des trois fameux arrêtés (2) relatifs à l’ANC n’est pas non plus réglée. Signés le 7 septembre, ils ne sont toujours pas parus au Journal officiel. Cette «formalité», nécessaire pour que les élus locaux respectent la législation, constituerait une avancée sur le dossier, même si le Meeddm prévoit d’ores et déjà de publier des circulaires pour les rendre applicables.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; «Ils offrent plus de souplesse et de choix dans les filières» d’ANC, juge Stéphane Bernhard. Les toilettes sèches sont par exemple reconnues comme un mode de traitement. En outre, les travaux pourraient être circonscrits aux installations qui polluent l’environnement, et non plus à toutes celles qui ne sont pas en conformité. «Il n’est pas du tout évident que les installations qui ne sont pas aux normes polluent, relève Stéphane Bernhard. Mieux vaut se concentrer sur certaines maisons qui n’ont pas le début d’une fosse septique plutôt que sur celles dont les installations sont vieillissantes».&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; La notion de risque pour l’environnement et la santé publique reste à préciser, relève Michel Desmars. Mais «même si les arrêtés vont dans le bon sens, on ne peut pas dire qu’ils règlent le problème de l’ANC…»&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Pour y remédier, l’idée de la création d’un service unique de l’assainissement, où le collectif et le non-collectif seraient mutualisés, paraît de plus en plus s’imposer.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Portée par le député rapporteur de la loi sur l’eau et les milieux aquatiques (Lema) de 2006 André Flajolet (UMP, Pas-de-Calais), elle est soutenue par la FNCCR, et a été reprise dans un rapport du Conseil économique, social et environnemental (CESE) sur les usages domestiques de l’eau paru au printemps dernier (3).&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; La déléguée générale de la Fédération professionnelle des entreprises de l’eau (FP2E) Béatrice Arbelot indique qu’il faut «être ouvert à une telle idée». Son organisation étudie le dossier, notamment pour lever un certain nombre d’obstacles juridiques tels que l’accès à une installation dans une propriété privée. Le Meeddm s’y intéresse aussi, Chantal Jouanno ayant évoqué l’idée dans une vidéo diffusée en introduction des assises d’Evreux. André Flajolet vient d'ailleurs d’adresser à la secrétaire d’Etat à l’écologie une note de 12 pages sur le sujet.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;i&gt;(1) Garantir la mise en œuvre et la pérennité d'installations d’ANC de qualité et performantes au regard des enjeux sanitaires et environnementaux; accompagner les services publiques d’ANC dans leurs missions; accompagner les propriétaires dans leurs démarches; informer l’ensemble des acteurs de l’ANC et suivre les progrès accomplis&lt;br /&gt; (2) Ces trois arrêtés sont relatifs à l’agrément des vidangeurs, à la mission de contrôle et aux prescriptions techniques. Des projets d’arrêtés ont déjà été publiés en octobre 2008&lt;br /&gt; (3) Dans le JDLE «Politique de l’eau potable: le Conseil économique et social donne son avis»&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h1&gt;L’ANC en quelques chiffres&lt;/h1&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt; - Ce mode de collecte et de traitement des eaux usées des particuliers non connectés au réseau collectif d’assainissement concerne plus de 5 millions de logements (sur 30 millions), soit 20% de la population.&lt;br /&gt; - Entre 50 et 75% des installations sont défectueuses, selon le ministère de l’environnement. Une proportion beaucoup plus importantes pour d'autres acteurs.&lt;br /&gt; - Chaque année, 70.000 installations neuves d’ANC et 30.000 réhabilitations lourdes sont réalisées, pour un coût de près d’un milliard d’euros pour les ménages. L’ANC représente la moitié des investissements des collectivités consacrés aux stations d’épuration des eaux usées.&lt;br /&gt; - Les coûts de construction et de mise en conformité des installations s’étalent de 3.000 à 10.000 euros.&lt;br /&gt; - Un éco-prêt à taux zéro pour l’ANC a été mis en place par les parlementaires dans la loi de finances pour 2009. Impossible à l’heure actuelle de savoir combien d’éco-PTZ ont été alloués. Autant que les 35.000 éco-PTZ pour la rénovation thermique des logements?...&lt;br /&gt; - Les installations doivent toutes avoir été contrôlées fin 2012, et les travaux achevés en 2016.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;07/10/2009&amp;nbsp;11:33&lt;br /&gt; Le projet de plan d’action du Meeddm présenté la semaine dernière mettra-t-il un terme au dossier des services publics d’ANC? Bien qu’il aille dans le bon sens, les financements manquent, ainsi que la publication de trois arrêtés, devenue une véritable Arlésienne. L'idée d'une mutualisation des services d’assainissement, public et non collectif, semble progresser.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;Présenté mercredi 30 septembre au cours des Assises de l’assainissement non collectif (ANC) d’Evreux, le projet de plan d’action du Meeddm dans ce domaine prévu pour la période 2009-2013 se décline en 4 axes (1). A cette date, les contrôles des installations d’ANC devront avoir été achevés, et le vendeur d’un bâtiment non raccordé aux égouts devra justifier du bon fonctionnement de son installation.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Le projet de plan se traduit notamment par le conditionnement de la délivrance du permis de construire d’un bâtiment à la conformité du projet d’installation de l’ANC, prévu par le projet de loi «Grenelle II»; le développement de la formation des services publics de l’ANC (Spanc) et la mise à leur disposition, ainsi qu’aux agences de l’eau, d’une grille d’évaluation du risque sanitaire et environnemental; la mise en place d’un observatoire de l’ANC créé par l’Office national de l’eau et des milieux aquatiques (Onema). Le Meeddm envisage aussi la création d’une charte nationale de l’ANC, peut-être pour la fin du premier semestre 2010.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Le plan a été diversement reçu par les professionnels du secteur, qui observent tout de même une avancée. Mais «l’idée des Spanc résulte de la loi sur l’eau de 1992, rappelle Michel Desmars, chef du département Eau et assainissement de la Fédération nationale des collectivités concédantes et régies (FNCCR). Que n’a-t-on fait ce plan plus tôt? Pendant plus de 15 ans, on a laissé les collectivités se débrouiller toutes seules. Les problèmes actuels viennent de ce qu’on n’a pas mis les moyens financiers nécessaires». Une question sur laquelle «le ministère reste discret».&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Pour Stéphane Bernhard, juriste Environnement à l’association de consommateurs CLCV, ce plan fait l’impasse sur la concertation locale. Certaines communes n’ont toujours pas créé leur Spanc alors qu’elles étaient tenues de le faire en 2006. Et le coût variable du contrôle des installations –de 50 à 200 euros– demeure inexpliqué pour l’usager. «Beaucoup d’associations locales d’usagers se constituent, c’est bien la preuve que cela se passe mal sur le terrain.» Et de citer certains Spanc qui font des contrôles tous les 4 ans, quand la loi en permet un tous les 8 ans. «En termes de redevance, c’est le double!».&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Les Spanc n’en finissent donc pas de faire des vagues. La question des trois fameux arrêtés (2) relatifs à l’ANC n’est pas non plus réglée. Signés le 7 septembre, ils ne sont toujours pas parus au Journal officiel. Cette «formalité», nécessaire pour que les élus locaux respectent la législation, constituerait une avancée sur le dossier, même si le Meeddm prévoit d’ores et déjà de publier des circulaires pour les rendre applicables.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; «Ils offrent plus de souplesse et de choix dans les filières» d’ANC, juge Stéphane Bernhard. Les toilettes sèches sont par exemple reconnues comme un mode de traitement. En outre, les travaux pourraient être circonscrits aux installations qui polluent l’environnement, et non plus à toutes celles qui ne sont pas en conformité. «Il n’est pas du tout évident que les installations qui ne sont pas aux normes polluent, relève Stéphane Bernhard. Mieux vaut se concentrer sur certaines maisons qui n’ont pas le début d’une fosse septique plutôt que sur celles dont les installations sont vieillissantes».&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; La notion de risque pour l’environnement et la santé publique reste à préciser, relève Michel Desmars. Mais «même si les arrêtés vont dans le bon sens, on ne peut pas dire qu’ils règlent le problème de l’ANC…»&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Pour y remédier, l’idée de la création d’un service unique de l’assainissement, où le collectif et le non-collectif seraient mutualisés, paraît de plus en plus s’imposer.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Portée par le député rapporteur de la loi sur l’eau et les milieux aquatiques (Lema) de 2006 André Flajolet (UMP, Pas-de-Calais), elle est soutenue par la FNCCR, et a été reprise dans un rapport du Conseil économique, social et environnemental (CESE) sur les usages domestiques de l’eau paru au printemps dernier (3).&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; La déléguée générale de la Fédération professionnelle des entreprises de l’eau (FP2E) Béatrice Arbelot indique qu’il faut «être ouvert à une telle idée». Son organisation étudie le dossier, notamment pour lever un certain nombre d’obstacles juridiques tels que l’accès à une installation dans une propriété privée. Le Meeddm s’y intéresse aussi, Chantal Jouanno ayant évoqué l’idée dans une vidéo diffusée en introduction des assises d’Evreux. André Flajolet vient d'ailleurs d’adresser à la secrétaire d’Etat à l’écologie une note de 12 pages sur le sujet.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;i&gt;(1) Garantir la mise en œuvre et la pérennité d'installations d’ANC de qualité et performantes au regard des enjeux sanitaires et environnementaux; accompagner les services publiques d’ANC dans leurs missions; accompagner les propriétaires dans leurs démarches; informer l’ensemble des acteurs de l’ANC et suivre les progrès accomplis&lt;br /&gt; (2) Ces trois arrêtés sont relatifs à l’agrément des vidangeurs, à la mission de contrôle et aux prescriptions techniques. Des projets d’arrêtés ont déjà été publiés en octobre 2008&lt;br /&gt; (3) Dans le JDLE «Politique de l’eau potable: le Conseil économique et social donne son avis»&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h1&gt;L’ANC en quelques chiffres&lt;/h1&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt; - Ce mode de collecte et de traitement des eaux usées des particuliers non connectés au réseau collectif d’assainissement concerne plus de 5 millions de logements (sur 30 millions), soit 20% de la population.&lt;br /&gt; - Entre 50 et 75% des installations sont défectueuses, selon le ministère de l’environnement. Une proportion beaucoup plus importantes pour d'autres acteurs.&lt;br /&gt; - Chaque année, 70.000 installations neuves d’ANC et 30.000 réhabilitations lourdes sont réalisées, pour un coût de près d’un milliard d’euros pour les ménages. L’ANC représente la moitié des investissements des collectivités consacrés aux stations d’épuration des eaux usées.&lt;br /&gt; - Les coûts de construction et de mise en conformité des installations s’étalent de 3.000 à 10.000 euros.&lt;br /&gt; - Un éco-prêt à taux zéro pour l’ANC a été mis en place par les parlementaires dans la loi de finances pour 2009. Impossible à l’heure actuelle de savoir combien d’éco-PTZ ont été alloués. Autant que les 35.000 éco-PTZ pour la rénovation thermique des logements?...&lt;br /&gt; - Les installations doivent toutes avoir été contrôlées fin 2012, et les travaux achevés en 2016.&lt;/p&gt;
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<entry>
<author>
<name>ensemble</name>
<uri>http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/about.html</uri>
</author>
<title>Du référendum en Irlande : preuves de sa validité</title>
<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/archive/2009/11/06/du-referendum-en-irlande-preuves-de-sa-validite.html" />
<id>tag:ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com,2009-10-07:48095</id>
<updated>2009-10-07T15:37:25+02:00</updated>
<published>2009-11-06T03:36:00+01:00</published>
<category term="INTERNATIONAL" scheme="http://www.blogspirit.com/ns/types#category" />
<summary>       Normal   0       21       false   false   false     FR   X-NONE...</summary>
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/&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Revision&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;34&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;29&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Quote&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;30&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Quote&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;19&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;21&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;31&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;32&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;33&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Book Title&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;37&quot; Name=&quot;Bibliography&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;TOC Heading&quot; /&gt; &lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt;  /* Style Definitions */  table.MsoNormalTable         {mso-style-name:&quot;Tableau Normal&quot;;         mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;         mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;         mso-style-noshow:yes;         mso-style-priority:99;         mso-style-qformat:yes;         mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;;         mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;         mso-para-margin-top:0cm;         mso-para-margin-right:0cm;         mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;         mso-para-margin-left:0cm;         line-height:115%;         mso-pagination:widow-orphan;         font-size:11.0pt;         font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;         mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;         mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;         mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;         mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;         mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;         mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} &lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 24pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Du référendum en Irlande : preuves de sa validité&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;par Observateur amusé, Amateur LE MONDE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;06.10.09&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Les opposants au traité de Lisbonne, et, dans une moindre mesure, les partisans de la démocratie directe s'indignent souvent que l'on ait fait voter Lisbonne une deuxième fois aux irlandais, pour que ceux-ci acceptent. Or même en ignorant l'argument justifiant ce deuxième vote par les changements qui ont été apportés au traité entre les deux referendums, ainsi que le taux d'acceptation a été cette fois nettement supérieur à celui du refus précédent, force est de constater que ce double-vote respecte parfaitement les exigences de la démocraties.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Première hypothèse : les irlandais ont vraiment changé d'avis. Dès lors, leur oui aujourd'hui n'est pas moins valable que leur non d'il y a une année. On pourrait à la rigueur dire qu'il faut alors les faire revoter tous les ans, pour être certain qu'ils n'aient pas changé d'avis. Mais alors que le traité sera en vigueur, un non n'aurait plus les mêmes conséquences, le traité ne pouvant être &quot;allumé&quot; et &quot;éteint&quot; régulièrement.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;On imagine alors que le non irlandais signifierait pour eux la sortie de l'Europe. Or la constitution irlandaise n'exige pas de référendums réguliers pour confirmer l'appartenance de l'Irlande à l'Europe, ni d'ailleurs pour confirmer aucun traité déjà ratifié (on imagine les difficultés). Un tel référendum n'aurait donc pas de base juridique, et ne respecterait donc pas le principe démocratique de primauté du droit. Quoi qu'il en soit, dans ce cas ce n'est pas le caractère démocratique du deuxième référendum qui serait remis en question, mais plutôt l'absence de référendum régulier. Une autre option serait d'attendre encore un certain laps de temps, de voter une troisième fois. Mais alors combien de temps attendre ? Pourquoi une troisième et pas une quatrième ou cinquième fois ? Et toujours, ce n'est pas le caractère démocratique du deuxième référendum qui doit être remis en cause, mais l'absence de référendums ultérieurs, dont la mise en pratique poserait de toute façon des problèmes significatifs.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Deuxième hypothèse : avoir soumis les irlandais à deux référendums était anti-démocratique. Cet argument prête à sourire, surtout qu'il viendrait de ceux qui se plaignent d'une insuffisance de référendums. En quoi c'était anti-démocratique ? Si les irlandais ne voulaient pas changer d'avis, alors ils ne devaient pas changer d'avis. Le référendum était, selon ses partisans, une bonne expression de la démocratie, quel est le délai à respecter pour que poser deux fois la même question soit démocratique ? Pourquoi ? Et surtout pourquoi c'est le premier référendum qui serait plus démocratique que le deuxième ?&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;À cette dernière question seule une réponse peut être comprise et c'est notre troisième hypothèse. Le résultat d'un référendum est aléatoire, et demander deux fois peut, irrationnellement, mener à deux réponses différentes successives. Mais si l'on admet cela, alors on admet que le référendum n'est pas une parfaite expression de l'opinion sur une question, mais un résultat aléatoire, influencé par l'humeur de l'opinion, le contexte économique, le temps qu'il fait, la position des planètes dans le ciel, ou encore l'heure à laquelle Mme Gonsalez s'est levée ce matin à Buenos Aires, etc... Qui peut changer très rapidement selon l'effet papillon.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Or si tel est le cas, peut-on encore dire que le référendum est démocratique et se justifie sur un sujet, puisque les citoyens se prononcent sur ce sujet de manière aléatoire, et suivant des arguments rarement rationnels ? Quoi qu'il en soit, si l'on admet cela, alors un bon démocrate ne soutiendra pas plus le principe du référendum, que celui de prendre une décision, comme la ratification du traité de Lisbonne, à pile ou face.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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