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<title>ensemble - economie</title>
<description>la vérité suffit à elle même</description>
<link>http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/economie/</link>
<lastBuildDate>Sat, 21 Nov 2009 09:36:43 +0100</lastBuildDate>
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<guid isPermaLink="true">http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/archive/2009/11/24/la-crise-est-finie-parlons-en-alors-suite.html</guid>
<title>La crise est finie ? Parlons-en alors! (suite)</title>
<link>http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/archive/2009/11/24/la-crise-est-finie-parlons-en-alors-suite.html</link>
<author>noreply@blogs.letelegramme.com (ensemble)</author>
<category>Economie</category>
<pubDate>Tue, 24 Nov 2009 00:35:00 +0100</pubDate>
<description>
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&lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1&quot; 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Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Revision&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;34&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;29&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Quote&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;30&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Quote&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; 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Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; 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QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;32&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;33&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Book Title&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;37&quot; Name=&quot;Bibliography&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;TOC Heading&quot; /&gt; &lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt;  /* Style Definitions */  table.MsoNormalTable         {mso-style-name:&quot;Tableau Normal&quot;;         mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;         mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;         mso-style-noshow:yes;         mso-style-priority:99;         mso-style-qformat:yes;         mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;;         mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;         mso-para-margin-top:0cm;         mso-para-margin-right:0cm;         mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;         mso-para-margin-left:0cm;         line-height:115%;         mso-pagination:widow-orphan;         font-size:11.0pt;         font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;         mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;         mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;         mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;         mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;         mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;         mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} &lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 18pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;La crise est finie ? Parlons-en alors! (2)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Philippe Cohen - Marianne | Mardi 17 Novembre 2009 à 07:01&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 18pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;MARIANNE&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;Deuxième volet de notre série sur la crise et ses dénis. Le risque dollar est écarté par la plupart des commentateurs. Jean-Luc Gréau nous explique pourquoi ils n'ont pas forcément raison.&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;L'actualité économique des ces dernières semaines a vu se multiplier les indices de la recherche par de nombreux pays, d'une alternative à l'utilisation du dollar comme monnaie de réserve et d'échanges. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.marianne2.fr/Et-les-Bolivariens-inventerent-le-SUCRE_a182579.html&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;Le Sucre, qui doit voir le jour au début janvier&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, permettra à plusieurs pays d'Amérique Latine d'échanger sans passer par le dollar. SIx états du Golfe ont décidé d'aller vers une union monétaire, ce qui est significatif de leur volonté de relativiser l'influence du dollar dans les transactions. La Chine a passé plusieurs accords commerciaux avec l'Argentine, le Brésil ou même l'Iran pour se passer de la monnaie verte dans les transactions commerciales. La Chine et la Russie mènent campagne dans le cadre du G20 et du FMI pour que les Droits de tirages spéciaux joue le rôle de monnaie de réserve.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Pour Jacques Sapir, la crise du dollar traduit surtout l'affaiblissement de l'économie américaine : «&lt;i&gt;La dette publique devrait atteindre 91% du PIB en 2011 alors qu’elle n’était que de 65% en 2006, soit un accroissement en proportion de 26%. À terme, c’est bien le statut du dollar comme monnaie de réserve internationale qui sera mis en cause. De fait, nous avons des raisons de penser que le processus a déjà commencé et qu’une défiance systémique vis-à-vis de la monnaie américaine est aujourd'hui en train de se mettre en place.&lt;/i&gt;» (interview au magazine coréen KRX Magazine).&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Mais tous ces signaux demeurent largement ignorés des experts. Selon eux, le roi dollar n'est pas prêt d'être détrôné. Telle est la thèse défendue par la plupart des journalistes économiques, qui s'avèrent aussi incrédules à l'égard d'un effondrement du dollar qu'ils ont longtemps refusé de voir le déclin des Etats-Unis. Il ne manque pas de doctes économistes pour les renforcer dans leurs croyances. Ainsi &lt;a href=&quot;http://mobile.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2009/11/09/une-domination-contestee-mais-pas-menacee_1264536_3234.html&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;l'article principal du dossier consacré par&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; Le Monde au dollar, s'est-il conclu par une docte citation de Richard Cooper de Havard, qui pronostique un règne sans partage du dollar pour au moins dix ans :«&amp;nbsp; &lt;i&gt;Le dollar devrait probablement rester la monnaie internationale dominante pour de nombreuses années, certainement durant les dix prochaines années, et peut-être plus encore. Aucune autre devise ne semble pouvoir la surpasser.&lt;/i&gt; »&lt;br /&gt; Pour l'économiste Jacques Sapir, ces raisonnements lénifiants sont hémiplégiques. Respectueux sans le savoir à l'égard du fameux adage révolutionnaire (Sieyès) «&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;On ne détruit que ce qu'on remplace&lt;/i&gt; », ils ignorent l'hypothèse qui verrait le dollar s'effondrer sans qu'aucune monnaie ne se substitue à lui.&lt;br /&gt; Un point de&amp;nbsp; vue que rejoint Jean-Luc Gréau, interviewé par Marianne2 :&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: 160%;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;L'effondrement du dollar serait un drame pour l'Europe&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 160%;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Peut-on anticiper un effondrement du dollar?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Jean-Luc Gréau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/b&gt; : Selon la thèse classique, les monnaies reflètent les capacités du pays, le rendement des actifs&amp;nbsp; libellés dans cette monnaie et les flux de capitaux. La thèse actuellement plus en vogue, celle de Joseph Legué, voudrait qu'une monnaie soit un actif. Elle devrait donc être la plus liquide possible.&lt;br /&gt; La première thèse est sans doute obsolète car si l'on enregistre des mouvements de capitaux, c'est bien que les souscripteurs croient que la monnaie va monter. Mais on ne peut pas exclure un retour en arrière à la règle selon laquelle un pays déficitaire voit sa monnaie s'effondrer.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Qu'est-ce qui provoque la baisse actuelle?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Jean-Luc Gréau&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/b&gt; : La Banque fédérale américaine crée de la monnaie pour financer le déficit du pays. Les banques américaines souscrivent aux obligations du Trésor (qui se situent sur le long terme) et se financent sur les fonds des Banques centrales. Les Banques centrales, aux Etats Unis comme ailleurs sont ainsi passées su statut de prêteur en dernier ressort à celui de prêteur en premier ressort. Et les banques privées spéculent sur les devises et les emprunts des états qui acquièrent le statut d'actions&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Beaucoup d'observateurs pensent que la Chine ne peut laisser dévisser le dollar compte tenu de ce que ses réserves sont en grande partie constituées en dollars&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Jean-Luc Gréau :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; La Chine est en surchauffe économique, elle a connu 14,7% de croissance au cours des trois derniers mois. Ses dirigeants doivent rester prudents car la croissance du pays ne repose qu'à 25% sur la demande intérieure (contre 65% en Indonésie par exemple). La Chine ne supporterait pas un écroulement ou une fermeture du marché américain. La relation entre Chine et les USA repose sur le principe de la dissuasion. Le G2 va se dénouer, mais bien malin qui pourrait prévoir quand et comment.&lt;br /&gt; En même temps, la Chine achète de moins en moins d'obligations du Trésor (qui l'engagent le souscripteur entre dix et cinquante ans) et de plus en plus de Bons qui se situent dans le court terme. Ce n'est pas bon signe. Le plaidoyer des dirigeants chinois en faveur des Droits de tirages spéciaux est un autre mauvais signe envoyé aux marchés, incitant au doute sur le dollar.&lt;br /&gt; Autre facteur de risque, si, pendant longtemps, les pays asiatiques ont misé sur le dollar, c'est parce que le marché américain était leur premier débouché. En effectuant leurs transactions en dollars, ils diminuaient le risque de change. On peut se demander s'il ne seront pas tentés de changer de monnaie de réserve dès lors que leurs débouchés seront intra-asiatiques, comme tout le laisse prévoir.&lt;br /&gt; En fin de compte, il ne faut pas confondre la perte de prépondérance du dollar, qui peut être partiellement remplacé par des monnaies régionales, avec la faillite des Etats-Unis.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Quel serait le scénario à craindre ?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Jean-Luc Gréau :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Un effritement du dollar qui conduirait à échanger un euro contre 1,8 dollar. Une telle parité serait catastrophique pour l'économie américaine mais encore plus pour l'économie européenne dans la mesure où les pays européens vendent beaucoup de marchandises en dollars.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: 160%;&quot;&gt;Sur ce point, Jacques Sapir et Jean-Luc Gréau se rejoignent : en s'efforçant de s'alléger en dollars, les autorités chinoises jouent avec le feu en envoyant des signaux négatifs et anxiogènes aux marchés sur la valeur de la monnaie américaine. Et même si la Chine cherche essentiellement à gagner du temps dans la mesure où l'effondrement du dollar aurait des conséquences néfastes pour elle, rien ne dit que ces manoeuvres monétaires ne sont pas susceptibles de provoquer ce qu'elles cherchent à éviter.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 18pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;La crise est finie ? Parlons-en alors ! (3)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Philippe Cohen - Marianne | Mercredi 18 Novembre 2009 à 00:01&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;Troisième et dernier volet de la série sur la crise. Où l'on comprend qu'espérer de la Chine qu'elle devienne la locomotive de la crise est un illusion : tout entier tourné vers l'exportation le modèle chinois n'entraine qu'une augmentation faible de la consommation intérieure et des importations.&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;La Chine peut-elle tirer la croissance mondiale ? C'est le credo des journalistes économiques et des experts qu'ils nous ont seriné depuis presque un an. Aujourd'hui, ils font mine de triompher : la croissance chinoise frôle les 15% sur le dernier trimestre (sur une base annuelle). Et ce rebond est censé rejaillir en pluies fécondes pour les pays occidentaux. Le raisonnement fonctionne parfaitement avec l'Allemagne, qui a retrouvé une croissance de 0,7% au dernier trimestre. Une performance qui ne doit rien à la consommation intérieure allemande, atone, mais tout à la demande des pays émergents, et notamment de la Chine. La croissance française (0,3% au dernier trimestre) plus faible que celle annoncée par l'INSEE, a le même profil, en apparence : une stagnation inquiétante de la consommation intérieure et un rebond à 5,7% des exportations. mais ce rebond se partage entre les ventes d'automobiles stimulées par les plans de relance (on fait de la prime à la voiture achetée un peu partout) et aussi de 22 Airbus.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; La Chine, comme le Brésil ou la Russie et les pays producteurs de matières premières peuvent donc tout à fait tirer les économies extérieures, mais à condition qu'elles soient orientées vers la fourniture d'équipements de production ou d'infrastructure. L'Allemagne et le Japon, et la France dans une faible mesure (Airbus, centrales nucléaires, Rafale peut-être un jour) peuvent en profiter, mais de façoin transitoire, au fur et à mesure que s'opère les transferts de technologie. Ainsi la Chine fabrique-t-elle aujourd'hui ses propres Airbus.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;Un modèle économique pathologique&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt; En réalité, les bons connaisseurs de l'économie chinoise savent que les autorités du pays ne sont guère disposés à stimuler une véritable hausse de la demande intérieure : comme le fait remarquer Jean-Luc Gréau, la demande intérieure chinoise ne représente que 25% de son PIB, bien moins que dans d'autres pays émergents comme le Brésil (60%) ou l'Indonésie (65%!). Cela traduit une volonté politique davantage qu'un état de l'économie : les dirigeants chinois, considérant que leur pouvoir repose essentiellement sur la croissance, ne veulent pas améliorer les salaires des ouvriers ni leurs conditions de travail, qu'ils considèrent encore comme leur premier avantage compétitif. Sinon comment expliquer le poids résiduel (5 à 10%) représenté par la protection sociale dans le plan de relance adopté par le gouvernement ? Rappelons que le salaire annuel moyen atteint péniblement les 6000 dollars en Chine. Difficile de parler de décollage ou de développement des classes moyennes.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Or, comme l'explique Jacques Sapir, le maintien structurel d'une économie excédentaire (ou d'une économie déficitaire) traduit un dysfonctionnement de l'économie. Ce déséquilibre conduit les dirigeants à considérer le salarié productif uniquement comme un coût et non comme un client potentiel des produits fabriqués. Le modèle d'un développement économique fondé sur l'exportation, dont la Chine est le prototype actuellement en vogue, est pathologique. Il n'a aucun caractère universel, par définition, puisque une économie mondiale qui ne serait constituée que de pays excédentaires est une imposibilité mathématique.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Pourtant, c'est ce modèle qui est considéré comme vertueux et brandi par les élites depuis trente ans comme la solution de tous nos maux. L'explosion du crédit est concomittante de la désindexation des salaires et des prix depuis les années 1980. Ce n'est pas un hasard mais la tenative désespérée de maintenir une demande dans un contexte de dépression salariale mondiale provoquée par dumping social des pays émergents et en premier lieu de la Chine qui s'est voulue l'atelier du monde pour son malheur et pour celui des prolétaires chinois qui vivent une vértiable régression de leurs conditions de vie et de travail depuis la fameuse ouverture qui nous est présentée sous un jour faussement souriant.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Or, ce facteur-clef de la crise systémique que nous connaissons est totalement ignoré. On nous parle de régulation (sans la faire), d'encadrement du crédit, d'investissements et, de plus en plus de réformes structurelles susceptibles de limiter les déficits publics, mais jamais d'augmenter les salaires et les pensions, ce qui impliquerait de protéger le marché, au moins à un niveau européen, ce qui serait aussi une façon de contraindre le gouvernement chinois à vraiment se trouner vers son marché intérieur. Au contraire, on nous propose de sortir de la crise par le bas : en diminuant le nombre de fonctionnaires, les prestations sociales (Ah, l'imposition des indemnités des accidentés du travail!), les pensions de retraite (c'est pour bientôt). &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Le désir irrépressibles des élites politiques et économiques de refermer la parenthèse de la crise sans en tirer de leçon vraiment efficiente ne pourra aboutir qu'à laisser se développer plusieurs bulles : celle des bons du trésor américains, mais aussi celle des matières premières, qui ont tendance à fonctionner comme des valeurs spéculatives, celle de l'immobilier chinois (qui camoufle mal une gigantesque corruption des responsables locaux chinois), etc. D'où le pronostic de Jacques Sapir pour lequel, dès que les fonds injectés par les états se seront épuisés, la course à la spéculation s'imposera comme une tentation irrésistible aux banques confrontées à la baisse de la consommation des ménages:&amp;nbsp; «&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;En 1930 aussi, les économies occidentales avaient connu un rebond de croissance.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt; »&lt;/span&gt;
</description>
</item>
<item>
<guid isPermaLink="true">http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/archive/2009/11/24/restauration-l-effet-pervers-de-la-tva.html</guid>
<title>Restauration. «L'effet pervers de la TVA»</title>
<link>http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/archive/2009/11/24/restauration-l-effet-pervers-de-la-tva.html</link>
<author>noreply@blogs.letelegramme.com (ensemble)</author>
<category>Economie</category>
<pubDate>Tue, 24 Nov 2009 00:23:00 +0100</pubDate>
<description>
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Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot; 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Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; 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&lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;19&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;21&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;31&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;32&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;33&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Book Title&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;37&quot; Name=&quot;Bibliography&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;TOC Heading&quot; /&gt; &lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt;  /* Style Definitions */  table.MsoNormalTable         {mso-style-name:&quot;Tableau Normal&quot;;         mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;         mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;         mso-style-noshow:yes;         mso-style-priority:99;         mso-style-qformat:yes;         mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;;         mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;         mso-para-margin-top:0cm;         mso-para-margin-right:0cm;         mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;         mso-para-margin-left:0cm;         line-height:115%;         mso-pagination:widow-orphan;         font-size:11.0pt;         font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;         mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;         mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;         mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;         mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;         mso-fareast-language:EN-US;} &lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 18pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Restauration. «L'effet pervers de la TVA»&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;17 novembre 2009&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;LE TELEGRAMME&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Depuis le 1erjuillet, lesrestaurateurs bénéficient d'uneTVA à 5,5%. Enéchange, ils sesont engagés àcréer des emplois. Où en est-on aujourd'hui? Explications avecGeorges Garkouchevsky, président de l'Association desrestaurateurs dela pointe Bretagne.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;script type=&quot;text/javascript&quot;&gt; //&lt;![CDATA[      &amp;lt;!--      OAS_AD('Position1');      //--&amp;gt; //]]&gt; &lt;/script&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://memorix.sdv.fr/5c/www.letelegramme.com/infoslocales/brest_articles/693798525/Position1/SDV_TB/default/empty.gif/5647594657456e30464941414244786a&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; color: blue; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;!--[if gte vml 1]&gt;&lt;v:shapetype  id=&quot;_x0000_t75&quot; coordsize=&quot;21600,21600&quot; o:spt=&quot;75&quot; o:preferrelative=&quot;t&quot;  path=&quot;m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe&quot; filled=&quot;f&quot; stroked=&quot;f&quot;&gt; &lt;v:stroke joinstyle=&quot;miter&quot; /&gt; &lt;v:formulas&gt; &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0&quot; /&gt; &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum @0 1 0&quot; /&gt; &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum 0 0 @1&quot; /&gt; &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @2 1 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @3 21600 pixelWidth&quot; /&gt; &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @3 21600 pixelHeight&quot; /&gt; &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum @0 0 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @6 1 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @7 21600 pixelWidth&quot; /&gt; &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum @8 21600 0&quot; /&gt; &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;prod @7 21600 pixelHeight&quot; /&gt; &lt;v:f eqn=&quot;sum @10 21600 0&quot; /&gt; &lt;/v:formulas&gt; &lt;v:path o:extrusionok=&quot;f&quot; gradientshapeok=&quot;t&quot; o:connecttype=&quot;rect&quot; /&gt; &lt;o:lock v:ext=&quot;edit&quot; aspectratio=&quot;t&quot; /&gt; &lt;/v:shapetype&gt;&lt;v:shape id=&quot;Image_x0020_2&quot; o:spid=&quot;_x0000_i1026&quot; type=&quot;#_x0000_t75&quot;  alt=&quot;http://memorix.sdv.fr/5/www.letelegramme.com/infoslocales/brest_articles/693798525/Position1/SDV_TB/default/empty.gif/5647594657456e30464941414244786a?&quot;  href=&quot;http://memorix.sdv.fr/5c/www.letelegramme.com/infoslocales/brest_articles/693798525/Position1/SDV_TB/default/empty.gif/5647594657456e30464941414244786a&quot;  target=&quot;&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&quot; style='width:.75pt;height:.75pt;visibility:visible;  mso-wrap-style:square' o:button=&quot;t&quot;&gt; &lt;v:imagedata src=&quot;file:///C:DOCUME~1jeanLOCALS~1Tempmsohtmlclip11clip_image001.gif&quot;   o:title=&quot;5647594657456e30464941414244786a?&quot; /&gt; &lt;/v:shape&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if !vml]--&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;file:///C:/DOCUME~1/jean/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif&quot; alt=&quot;http://memorix.sdv.fr/5/www.letelegramme.com/infoslocales/brest_articles/693798525/Position1/SDV_TB/default/empty.gif/5647594657456e30464941414244786a?&quot; v:shapes=&quot;Image_x0020_2&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;1&quot; height=&quot;1&quot; /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;b&gt;Les ministres de l'Économie et du Commerce ont signé, avec neuf organisations professionnelles de la restauration, un «contrat d'avenir». En substance: une TVA à5,5%, moyennant une baisse des prix et la création de 40.000 emplois en deux ans. Est-ce que tout le monde joue le jeu?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Bien sûr qu'il y a eu des créations d'emplois et des pérennisations de postes surtout. Aujourd'hui, le secteur de la restauration, c'est un million d'emplois en France, 3.700sur la circonscription de Brest. Mais le débat n'est pas là. C'est un faux problème... Je crois que tout le monde a oublié l'historique de ce dispositif.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;b&gt;Vous voulez dire que l'objectif premier n'était pas d'apporter une bouffée d'oxygène dans vos trésoreries pour créer de l'emploi?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Non. Il faut rappeler le contexte qui a précédé les négociations: larestauration était la seule profession à acheter une TVA à 5,5% et à la revendre 19,6%. Nous étions donc, gracieusement, un collecteur d'impôt. Ce qui ne pouvait perdurer. Parallèlement, l'Europe imposait à tous les restaurateurs de nouvelles normes d'hygiène et de sécurité. Or, la TVA dans les pays européens n'était pas alignée, et ne l'est toujours pas d'ailleurs: elleest de 8,5 en Italie, 7,5 en Espagne... Avec ses 19,6, la France était très clairement désavantagée. D'où notre combat pour faire baisser cette TVA. Initialement, ce n'était pas pour la répercuter sur le prix des produits àlacarte mais bien pour faire face, pouvoir engager des travaux nécessairesetfinancer des formations pourlepersonnel ensoutenant lesécolestechniques.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;b&gt;Comment se porte la profession?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Pas très bien. Il faut savoir qu'en restauration, les marges se font principalement sur le liquide. Mais aujourd'hui, les gens hésitent à consommer de l'alcool et nos marges ont fondu au soleil.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;b&gt;Tout de même, est-ce que le fait de baisser le prix de certains produits a eu un impact sur la clientèle?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Non. Quand vous proposez des menus entre 12 et 19 €, l'abattement n'est pas significatif. Ce n'est pas ça qui peut faire changer des habitudes de consommation. Et pour la restauration ouvrière, on peut même dire que cette TVA a eu des effets pervers.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;b&gt;Qu'est-ce que vous entendez par effets pervers?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Avec cette baisse de la TVA, on focalise sur les restaurateurs. A-t-on pensé aux entreprises qui payent le repas de leurs salariés. Je vous donne un exemple: une entreprise du bâtiment qui a 300salariés qui, chaque jour, pour les besoins des chantiers, déjeunent dans un restaurant ouvrier. Les prix de ces menus n'ont pas changé car ils étaient déjà au ras des pâquerettes. Donc pas de baisse de coût pour l'entreprise. En revanche, avant, elle récupérait la TVA à 19,6%. Aujourd'hui, elle ne récupère plus que 5,5%... Soit, sur un an, une perte sèche de 50.000 €. Du côté des syndicats patronaux, ça grogne. Et une réflexion est sûrement engagée du côté de la fédération du bâtiment notamment. On peut très bien imaginer qu'ils revoient leur système et proposent plutôt à leurs ouvriers des primes paniers... Cela signifierait pour beaucoup un retour à la gamelle. Et pour les restos ouvriers, une descente aux enfers.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;b&gt;Est-ce que vous prônez un retour en arrière?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Non. Mais l'économie n'est pas une règle statique. Il aurait, je pense, fallu prévoir des aménagements pour les entreprises.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ul type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt; &lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Sarah Morio&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt;
</description>
</item>
<item>
<guid isPermaLink="true">http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/archive/2009/11/23/comme-avant.html</guid>
<title>Comme avant</title>
<link>http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/archive/2009/11/23/comme-avant.html</link>
<author>noreply@blogs.letelegramme.com (ensemble)</author>
<category>Economie</category>
<pubDate>Mon, 23 Nov 2009 00:03:00 +0100</pubDate>
<description>
&lt;p&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt; &lt;w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt; &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt; &lt;w:TrackMoves /&gt; &lt;w:TrackFormatting /&gt; &lt;w:HyphenationZone&gt;21&lt;/w:HyphenationZone&gt; &lt;w:PunctuationKerning /&gt; &lt;w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /&gt; &lt;w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;false&lt;/w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt; &lt;w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;false&lt;/w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt; &lt;w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;false&lt;/w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt; &lt;w:DoNotPromoteQF /&gt; &lt;w:LidThemeOther&gt;FR&lt;/w:LidThemeOther&gt; &lt;w:LidThemeAsian&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeAsian&gt; &lt;w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt; &lt;w:Compatibility&gt; &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables /&gt; &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell /&gt; &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct /&gt; &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules /&gt; &lt;w:DontGrowAutofit /&gt; &lt;w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark /&gt; &lt;w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp /&gt; &lt;w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables /&gt; &lt;w:DontVertAlignInTxbx /&gt; &lt;w:Word11KerningPairs /&gt; &lt;w:CachedColBalance /&gt; &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt; &lt;w:BrowserLevel&gt;MicrosoftInternetExplorer4&lt;/w:BrowserLevel&gt; &lt;m:mathPr&gt; &lt;m:mathFont m:val=&quot;Cambria Math&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:brkBin m:val=&quot;before&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:brkBinSub m:val=&quot;&amp;#45;-&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:smallFrac m:val=&quot;off&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:dispDef /&gt; &lt;m:lMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:rMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:defJc m:val=&quot;centerGroup&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:wrapIndent m:val=&quot;1440&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:intLim m:val=&quot;subSup&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:naryLim m:val=&quot;undOvr&quot; /&gt; &lt;/m:mathPr&gt;&lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt; &lt;w:LatentStyles DefLockedState=&quot;false&quot; DefUnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;   DefSemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; DefQFormat=&quot;false&quot; DefPriority=&quot;99&quot;   LatentStyleCount=&quot;267&quot;&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;0&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Normal&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 7&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 8&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 9&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 7&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 8&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 9&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;35&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;caption&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;10&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Title&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;1&quot; Name=&quot;Default Paragraph Font&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;11&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtitle&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;22&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Strong&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;20&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Emphasis&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;59&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Table Grid&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Placeholder Text&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;1&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;No Spacing&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Revision&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;34&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;29&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Quote&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;30&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Quote&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot; /&gt; 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        mso-style-qformat:yes;         mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;;         mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;         mso-para-margin-top:0cm;         mso-para-margin-right:0cm;         mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;         mso-para-margin-left:0cm;         line-height:115%;         mso-pagination:widow-orphan;         font-size:11.0pt;         font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;         mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;         mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;         mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;         mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;         mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;         mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} &lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 24pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Comme avant&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;LE MONDE | 27.10.09 | 13h18&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;•&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Mis à jour le 27.10.09 | 13h18&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;dropcap&quot;&gt;I&lt;/span&gt;l ne s'est rien passé, ou presque. A peine retombé le souffle du typhon, la vie reprend. Comme avant. Bonus, salaires mirobolants, primes de départ astronomiques. A tel point que plusieurs patrons de banques centrales viennent de tirer la sonnette d'alarme. En vain. On connaît le discours des financiers : il n'y aurait là que l'application toute simple des règles du marché ; la nécessité de garder les meilleurs pour faire face à la concurrence, pour éviter que l'activité de &quot;trading&quot; aille s'exercer ailleurs... Le monde de la finance dispose d'un argumentaire bien rodé pour justifier des pratiques qui semblent injustifiables et des rémunérations obscènes.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Une partie de l'argumentaire mérite discussion. Mais l'important est ailleurs. L'important, c'est le symbole ici donné par le secteur de la finance, emblématique de sociétés - aux Etats-Unis comme en Europe - où les inégalités de revenus continuent à se creuser, alors que le chômage ne cesse de monter.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;L'important, c'est cette image, que la crise aurait dû - pu - commencer à renverser, d'un capitalisme de plus en plus arrogant et inégalitaire. Cette image d'un monde de l'entreprise où une femme, un homme, peut &quot;valoir&quot; trois cents, voire quatre cents fois plus qu'un autre.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Le capitalisme, imbattable machine à créer des richesses, ne fait pas forcément bon ménage avec la morale. Admettons. Mais quel prix à payer ! On n'en finirait pas d'énumérer les conséquences dévastatrices des coups portés depuis vingt ans à l'échelle des revenus dans nos sociétés : délitement du lien social et écrasement des classes moyennes, notamment.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Ici et là, quelques initiatives sont censées empêcher les abus les plus choquants. Aux Etats-Unis, le Trésor a imposé que soient divisées par deux les rémunérations des dirigeants des banques aidées par l'Etat. En France, le Medef et l'Association française des entreprises privées (AFEP) ont établi un code de bonne conduite en matière de rémunérations patronales. En Allemagne, BMW vient d'annoncer une initiative intéressante : l'indexation des évolutions salariales de ses dirigeants sur celles de ses simples ouvriers.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Mais, dans l'ensemble de l'Europe, rien de sérieux, rien qui puisse enrayer cette marche vers des sociétés où un nombre de plus en plus petit d'individus possède une part de plus en plus grande des richesses nationales, rien qui justifie que l'on continue à pérorer sur un prétendu modèle social européen.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Avis de recherche urgentissime : où sont les inventeurs d'un capitalisme social à l'heure de la globalisation économique ?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Article paru dans l'édition du 28.10.09&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
</item>
<item>
<guid isPermaLink="true">http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/archive/2009/11/18/la-recession-mondiale-frappe-d-abord-les-femmes.html</guid>
<title>La récession mondiale frappe d'abord les femmes</title>
<link>http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/archive/2009/11/18/la-recession-mondiale-frappe-d-abord-les-femmes.html</link>
<author>noreply@blogs.letelegramme.com (ensemble)</author>
<category>Economie</category>
<pubDate>Wed, 18 Nov 2009 00:26:00 +0100</pubDate>
<description>
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/&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Revision&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;34&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;29&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Quote&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;30&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Quote&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;19&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;21&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;31&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;32&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;33&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Book Title&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;37&quot; Name=&quot;Bibliography&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;TOC Heading&quot; /&gt; &lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt;  /* Style Definitions */  table.MsoNormalTable         {mso-style-name:&quot;Tableau Normal&quot;;         mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;         mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;         mso-style-noshow:yes;         mso-style-priority:99;         mso-style-qformat:yes;         mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;;         mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;         mso-para-margin-top:0cm;         mso-para-margin-right:0cm;         mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;         mso-para-margin-left:0cm;         line-height:115%;         mso-pagination:widow-orphan;         font-size:11.0pt;         font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;         mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;         mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;         mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;         mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;         mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;         mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} &lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 24pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;La récession mondiale frappe d'abord les femmes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;LE MONDE | 22.10.09 | 15h23&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;•&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Mis à jour le 22.10.09 | 15h23&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;dropcap&quot;&gt;M&lt;/span&gt;ortalité infantile accrue, déscolarisation et augmentation du travail des enfants, perte d'emploi et baisse de l'envoi de fonds au pays d'origine, ces plaies s'abattent une à une sur les filles et les jeunes femmes, victimes à grande échelle de la récession mondiale. L'ONG Plan international, qui - outre sa propre enquête - a compilé un grand nombre d'études internationales, en dresse un tableau complet dans un rapport intitulé &quot;La Situation des filles dans le monde 2009, l'heure des comptes&quot;, publié mi-octobre. En forme de plaidoyer, ce document pointe également du doigt le manque à gagner pour les Etats en cas de renoncement aux objectifs de scolarisation et d'intégration des jeunes filles dans le monde du travail.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Les discriminations envers les filles commencent dès les premières années de la vie (et même avant, si l'on prend en compte le &quot;foeticide&quot; des filles). D'ores et déjà, la Banque mondiale a identifié 58 pays dans lesquels la crise pourrait déboucher sur un accroissement de la mortalité infantile atteignant 400 000 décès par an, en majorité des petites filles.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;La crise menace aussi les progrès de la scolarisation des filles. &lt;i&gt;&quot;Au cours des vingt dernières années, le pourcentage des enfants n'ayant jamais fréquenté l'école est tombé de 21 % à 11 % pour les garçons de 10 à 14 ans, et de 39 % à 18 % pour les filles&quot;&lt;/i&gt;, rappelle le rapport. Faute de moyens pour payer l'école ou poussées par un besoin d'aide dans les tâches domestiques, nombre de filles risquent de s'éloigner du tableau noir.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;De plus, les effectifs féminins ont augmenté davantage que ceux des garçons entre 2000 et 2006 à l'école primaire, les filles parviennent difficilement à passer le cap de l'enseignement secondaire (43 % d'entre elles seulement y accèdent dans les pays en développement). Or plusieurs études ont montré qu'un minimum de dix années de scolarisation est nécessaire pour &lt;i&gt;&quot;rentabiliser les avantages de l'éducation au sens économique&quot;&lt;/i&gt;, indique Plan international.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Pour la jeune femme elle-même, la poursuite d'études a une incidence très concrète : &lt;i&gt;&quot;Celles qui ont fréquenté l'enseignement secondaire gagnent 2 000 dollars de plus que celles qui se sont arrêtées à l'école primaire&quot;&lt;/i&gt;, note encore le rapport, s'appuyant sur des données de la Banque mondiale.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;En les déscolarisant, la crise renvoie surtout les enfants au travail, formel ou informel. Le phénomène avait pourtant décru ces dernières années, selon l'Organisation internationale du travail (OIT). Pas moins de 218 millions d'enfants âgés de 5 à 17 ans - soit un sur sept - travaillent aujourd'hui, principalement dans l'économie informelle.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Autre fléau aggravé par les crises : la prostitution. &lt;i&gt;&quot;Les usines ferment partout et, maintenant, les femmes sont abordées par des trafiquants sexuels qui leur demandent si elles veulent aller travailler en Occident&quot;,&lt;/i&gt; déclare &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lemonde.fr/sujet/9f9a/jitra-kotchadet.html&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;Jitra Kotchadet&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, responsable syndicale en Thaïlande, citée par Plan international.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Mais c'est sur l'emploi des femmes que la récession se fait d'ores et déjà sentir. Rappelant les conséquences désastreuses des crises récentes - en Asie en 1997, en Argentine en 2001, ou l'éclatement de la bulle Internet la même année aux Etats-Unis - sur la main-d'oeuvre féminine, le rapport pointe les premiers effets de la crise actuelle.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Selon l'OIT, 22 millions de femmes pourraient perdre leur emploi dans le monde en 2009, le taux de chômage augmentant plus vite pour les femmes que chez les hommes. L'OIT souligne qu'entre 50 % et 55 % des salariées occupent des emplois considérés comme &quot;vulnérables&quot; (par le salaire ou le statut) contre 47 % à 52 % des hommes.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Dans les pays émergents, où le marché du travail s'est fortement féminisé à la faveur de la mondialisation, notamment dans les services, dans la santé ou dans l'habillement, l'impact est déjà énorme. &lt;i&gt;&quot;Dans le secteur formel, et notamment dans les secteurs destinés à l'exportation, où 75 % à 80 % de la main-d'oeuvre est féminine, 7 travailleurs licenciés sur 10 à cause de la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lemonde.fr/sujet/e788/crise-financiere.html&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;crise financière&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; sont des femmes&quot;,&lt;/i&gt; souligne l'Alliance nationale des femmes des Philippines, citée par Plan international.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;En Afrique, selon &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lemonde.fr/sujet/444c/ritu-sharma.html&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;Ritu Sharma&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, présidente de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lemonde.fr/sujet/881e/women-thrive.html&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;Women Thrive&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; Worldwide, coalition d'une cinquantaine d'associations américaines, cent mille emplois de l'industrie textile - dont 90 % sont occupés par des femmes pauvres - sont menacés. A contrario, aux Etats-Unis, les femmes, employées en grand nombre dans les secteurs de l'éducation et de la santé, seraient plus protégées du chômage.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Ces licenciements massifs peuvent avoir des conséquences dramatiques quand l'emploi s'exerçait hors des frontières nationales. Les femmes représentant &lt;i&gt;&quot;au moins la moitié de la population des migrants internationaux&quot;&lt;/i&gt;, selon un rapport du Fonds des Nations unies pour la population (UNFPA), ces pertes d'emploi entraînent une baisse des envois de fonds aux familles restées au pays.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;En 2009, la Banque mondiale a prévu un déclin de 7,3 % de ces flux financiers, évalués en 2007 à 14,5 milliards de dollars (9,7 milliards d'euros).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt; &lt;hr align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; size=&quot;2&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Sur le Web : le rapport &quot;Because I am a girl&quot; est accessible en anglais à l'adresse &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.plan-uk.org/&quot; target=&quot;_new&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;www.plan-uk.org&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Brigitte Perucca&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
</item>
<item>
<guid isPermaLink="true">http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/archive/2009/11/17/portrait-social-de-la-france-chomage-et-pouvoir-d-achat-en.html</guid>
<title>«Portrait social» de la France: chômage et pouvoir d'achat en berne</title>
<link>http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/archive/2009/11/17/portrait-social-de-la-france-chomage-et-pouvoir-d-achat-en.html</link>
<author>noreply@blogs.letelegramme.com (ensemble)</author>
<category>Economie</category>
<pubDate>Tue, 17 Nov 2009 00:43:00 +0100</pubDate>
<description>
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/&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;19&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;21&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;31&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;32&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;33&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Book Title&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;37&quot; Name=&quot;Bibliography&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;TOC Heading&quot; /&gt; &lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt;  /* Style Definitions */  table.MsoNormalTable         {mso-style-name:&quot;Tableau Normal&quot;;         mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;         mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;         mso-style-noshow:yes;         mso-style-priority:99;         mso-style-qformat:yes;         mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;;         mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;         mso-para-margin-top:0cm;         mso-para-margin-right:0cm;         mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;         mso-para-margin-left:0cm;         line-height:115%;         mso-pagination:widow-orphan;         font-size:11.0pt;         font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;         mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;         mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;         mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;         mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;         mso-fareast-language:EN-US;} &lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 24pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;«Portrait social» de la France: chômage et pouvoir d'achat en berne&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Comme chaque année, l'Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques publie le bilan des évolutions économiques et sociales observées au cours de l'année écoulée. Eclairages.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;13/11/2009&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;clear&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;Libération.fr&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;La France a subi en 2008 les premières conséquences sociales de la crise, notamment une forte augmentation du chômage et un ralentissement des salaires.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Mais «&lt;em&gt;L'ensemble des conséquences sociales de la crise économique apparaîtra dans la durée»&lt;/em&gt;, souligne l'Insee dans &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.insee.fr/fr/publications-et-services/sommaire.asp?codesage=FPORSOC09&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;«France, portrait social - Edition 2009»&lt;/a&gt;, où l'institut national de la statistique propose une vue d'ensemble de la société découpée en chapitres thématiques (démographie, éducation, emploi, salaires, revenus, redistribution, conditions de vie et inégalités sociales), ainsi qu'une trentaine de fiches avec les chiffres essentiels de chaque thème et des comparaisons européennes.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;Croissance&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;Une première estimation des chiffres de la croissance française au troisième trimestre 2009 devrait confirmer que la page de la récession est tournée, avec une progression attendue du produit intérieur brut d'au moins 0,3%.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;En octobre, l'Insee prévoyait une hausse du PIB de 0,5% au troisième trimestre, après la bonne surprise du trimestre précédent (+0,3%) qui avait permis de mettre un terme à une année de reflux de l'activité.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;L'industrie a vu sa production augmenter de 2,9% au troisième trimestre malgré une rechute en septembre. A grands renforts de «prime à la casse», la production du secteur automobile, le plus durement touché, a bondi de 20,7% sur le trimestre.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Le commerce extérieur français a connu un sursaut. Le déficit commercial s'est réduit en septembre à 1,755 milliard d'euros et s'établit au troisième trimestre à son niveau le plus faible depuis fin 2004.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Quant à la consommation des ménages, traditionnel moteur de la croissance en France, les dépenses en produits manufacturés - un quart seulement de la consommation totale mais un bon indicateur de la tendance globale - n'ont baissé que de 0,2% au troisième trimestre.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;Emploi et chômage&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;Après plus de 100.000 pertes d'emplois en 2008 dans les secteurs marchands, les plus sensibles à la conjoncture, le recul du marché du travail s'est amplifié au premier semestre 2009, avec plus de 270.000 pertes d'emplois. Et &lt;em&gt;«les perspectives à court terme sont médiocres»&lt;/em&gt;, précise l'Insee.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Quant au taux de chômage, il est passé de 7,1% au premier trimestre 2008 à 9,1% au deuxième trimestre 2009 en métropole, soit une augmentation de 2 points, après deux ans de baisse régulière en 2006 et 2007.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Le nombre de chômeurs augmente donc de presque 30% en un an et demi.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Par ailleurs, le chômage partiel (lorsqu'une entreprise réduit ou arrête momentanément tout ou une partie de son activité) a été plus que décuplé en un an environ pour atteindre 320.000 personnes au deuxième trimestre 2009, soit un niveau équivalent à celui de 1993.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Une situation qui, selon l'Insee, pèse sur les revenus et niveaux de vie des chômeurs ainsi que des personnes en emploi.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;Salaire&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;L'écart entre les très hauts salaires, le 1% de salariés à temps complet les mieux payés du privé, et les autres, s'est &lt;em&gt;«accentué»&lt;/em&gt; au cours des dix dernières années.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;En 2007, les 1 % de salariés à temps complet les mieux rémunérés du secteur privé, soit 133 000 personnes, ont disposé, en moyenne, d'un salaire annuel brut de 215 600 euros, soit trois fois plus que le salaire moyen des 10 % de salariés à temps complet les mieux rémunérés, et près de sept fois le salaire moyen de l'ensemble des salariés à temps complet du secteur privé (31.984 euros).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;L'écart s'est accentué au cours de la période 1996-2007: les très hauts salaires ont gagné 8,5 fois le salaire médian en 2007, contre 6,6% en 1996, et percevaient 6,8% de la masse salariale totale des temps complets, contre 5,5% en 1996.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;Pouvoir d'achat&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Le niveau de vie moyen stagne en 2008, essentiellement en raison d'une forte inflation en début d'année, mais aussi d'un ralentissement des revenus d'activité. Début 2009, il augmente grâce à un fort recul de l'inflation, et malgré un net ralentissement des revenus&lt;/em&gt;», indique l'Insee.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;L'indice général des prix à la consommation - inflation - est resté quasiment stable en octobre par rapport au mois précédent (+0,1%), mais a poursuivi une baisse sur un an (-0,2%), pour le sixième mois d'affilé.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;L'évolution de l'inflation en octobre est liée à &lt;em&gt;«l'accroissement des prix des produits frais»&lt;/em&gt; et aux &lt;em&gt;«hausses saisonnières dans les services, au total un peu supérieurs à la baisse des prix des produits manufacturés et pétroliers»&lt;/em&gt; relève l'Insee.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Par ailleurs, de premiers résultats d'enquêtes auprès des ménages indiquent qu'entre le début 2009 et le troisième trimestre, le nombre de personnes en situation de découverts bancaires très fréquents ou ayant du mal à boucler leur budget a augmenté.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;Redistribution&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;L'Insee dresse le bilan de la redistribution opérée par les prestations monétaires et les impôts directs en 2008, dernière année avant l'arrivée du revenu de solidarité active.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Le niveau de vie moyen, avant redistribution, du dernier quintile (les 20 % de personnes les plus riches) est 7,5 fois plus élevé que celui du 1er quintile (les 20 % les plus modestes). Après transferts, ce même rapport est de 4,1.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Les prélèvements et prestations ne contribuent cependant pas tous à même hauteur à la réduction des inégalités de niveau de vie.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Ainsi, sur le champ des transferts étudiés, les prestations monétaires contribuent davantage à la réduction des inégalités (63 %) que l'ensemble des prélèvements (37 %).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;Démographie&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;L'Insee se demande si la crise ne va pas affecter temporairement le nombre de naissances, qui a pourtant continué à croître en 2008, car &lt;em&gt;«des études ont montré que la fécondité diminue pendant une période de récession, avec un décalage d'un à deux ans par rapport à l'évolution économique»&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Au 1er janvier 2009, la population française est estimée à 64,3 millions d'habitants, l'espérance de vie atteint 77,5 ans pour les hommes et 84,3 ans pour les femmes.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;Education&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;Pour l'année scolaire 2008-2009, les effectifs d'élèves, d'apprentis et d'étudiants en France métropolitaine et dans les Dom s'élèvent à 14,9 millions. C'est donc 23,5 % de la population en France qui est scolarisée.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Le nombre d'élèves, d'apprentis et d'étudiants est en recul de 0,2 % par rapport à la rentrée précédente. Cette diminution globale cache toutefois des évolutions contrastées selon les niveaux d'enseignement.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;Déplacements&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;En 2008, comme en 1994, les personnes résidant en France métropolitaine effectuent chaque jour environ trois déplacements dans un périmètre local (à moins de 80 kilomètres du domicile et sur le territoire national) et consacrent ainsi un peu moins d'une heure de leur journée à se déplacer.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Cette tendance à la stabilité de la mobilité locale ne doit pas faire omettre certaines évolutions majeures dont une moindre utilisation de la voiture. Si ce moyen de transport est toujours largement majoritaire dans la mobilité locale, il ne connaît pas une croissance aussi spectaculaire qu'entre 1982 et 1994.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;Conditions de vie&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;Ressentir des difficultés à accomplir certains actes de la vie quotidienne n'est pas réservé aux personnes âgées ou vivant en institutions spécialisées dans le handicap.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Au total, une personne sur deux, âgée de 20 à 59 ans et vivant en ménage ordinaire déclare au moins une limitation physique ou cognitive (c'est-à-dire psychique ou comportementale).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;24% des adultes de 20 à 59 ans déclarent se voir reprocher d'être trop impulsifs ou agressifs et 20% affirment avoir des trous de mémoire.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;D'autres limitations sont fréquentes, qu'elles soient motrices (avoir des difficultés à se baisser ou s'agenouiller&amp;nbsp;: 8 %), comportementales (par son comportement se mettre en danger&amp;nbsp;: 8 %) ou sensorielles (entendre ce qui se dit dans une conversation avec plusieurs personnes, même aidé d'un appareillage&amp;nbsp;: 9 %).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Cette édition 2009 renferme aussi des éclairages particuliers sur les parcours scolaires des bacheliers de «première génération», la mixité des métiers ou encore le passage de la prime pour l'emploi au revenu de solidarité active.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
</item>
<item>
<guid isPermaLink="true">http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/archive/2009/11/17/la-crise-est-finie-parlons-en-alors-1.html</guid>
<title>La crise est finie ? Parlons-en alors ! (1)</title>
<link>http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/archive/2009/11/17/la-crise-est-finie-parlons-en-alors-1.html</link>
<author>noreply@blogs.letelegramme.com (ensemble)</author>
<category>Economie</category>
<pubDate>Tue, 17 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
<description>
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Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; 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SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;19&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;21&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;31&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;32&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;33&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Book Title&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;37&quot; Name=&quot;Bibliography&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;TOC Heading&quot; /&gt; &lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt;  /* Style Definitions */  table.MsoNormalTable         {mso-style-name:&quot;Tableau Normal&quot;;         mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;         mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;         mso-style-noshow:yes;         mso-style-priority:99;         mso-style-qformat:yes;         mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;;         mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;         mso-para-margin-top:0cm;         mso-para-margin-right:0cm;         mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;         mso-para-margin-left:0cm;         line-height:115%;         mso-pagination:widow-orphan;         font-size:11.0pt;         font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;         mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;         mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;         mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;         mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;         mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;         mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} &lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 18pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;La crise est finie ? Parlons-en alors ! (1)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Philippe Cohen - Marianne | Lundi 16 Novembre 2009 à 07:17&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;C'est le nouveau credo de Bruxelles et de Christine Lagarde : la crise est finie, les affaires reprennent. Où l'on va tenter de démontrer la vanité et l'imprudence de ces assertions, dans cette analyse en trois parties.&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;L’annonce du deuxième trimestre consécutif de croissance à 0,3% de la France a été l’occasion d’un soupir de soulagement que tous les dirigeants occidentaux tentent de faire partager à leurs opinions et surtout aux opérateurs des marchés financiers.&lt;br /&gt; On a déjà relevé &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.marianne2.fr/tags/lagarde/&quot;&gt;ici&lt;/a&gt; les incohérences des cris de victoire de Christine Lagarde. Mais la ministre n’est pas la seule, y compris en dehors de France, à tenir ce discours lénifiant sur la fin de la crise.&lt;br /&gt; Sur quoi repose-t-il ?&lt;br /&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;1) Les excès de la finance sont derrière nous.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Ces raisonnements sont confortés par le sentiment que, bon an mal an, le G20 et les banques centrales du monde entier sont&amp;nbsp; en train de renforcer le système de régulation de la finance. Qu’il s’agisse des paradis fiscaux ou de l’encadrement du crédit, les choses seraient en train de revenir dans l’ordre.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;2) Le système monétaire mondial va rester en l’état.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Lundi dernier, le journal &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2009/11/09/peut-on-se-passer-du-dollar_1264534_3234.html&quot;&gt;Le Monde a consacré un dossier complet&lt;/a&gt; à la question. Message central : il n’y a pas d’alternative au roi dollar. Les économies américaines et chinoises sont trop intriquées pour que la Chine laisse le dolla&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; dévisser. Là encore, to big to fall !&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;3) Le facteur Chine va tirer la reprise mondiale.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt; La France – et chaque pays développé dans le monde – va voir la croissance tirée par la reprise asiatique puis américaine. Le raisonnement paraît logique:&amp;nbsp; pourquoi le jeu de domino qui a provoqué la récession ne pourrait-il pas engendrer la reprise ? Ainsi la reprise chinoise – 10% au 3° trimestre – pourrait-elle tirer la croissance américaine, puis européenne ; or, dès que la croissance reprend en Allemagne, nos exportations reprennent.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Bref, en un mot comme en cent, la Chine va sauver le monde… So cool China!&lt;br /&gt; Or, ces trois « espérances » sont abracadabrantesques.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; D’abord, l’effort de régulation reste marginal, comme l’ont montré la farce des listes noires et grises des paradis fiscaux et celle des bonus. Les opinions publiques ont d'abord vu la liste noire se vider sans que l'on ait un quelconque indice d'un changement majeur de fonctionnement, ni que les banques n'aient eu le temps de fermer les filiales dans ces états. Une note des ONG spécialisées sur le sujet &lt;a href=&quot;http://eco.rue89.com/2009/11/02/surprise-les-principaux-paradis-fiscaux-sont-pres-de-chez-nous-124331&quot;&gt;nous a appris cette semaine&lt;/a&gt; que 4 entités européennes (la City de Londres, la Belgique, le Luxembourg et l’Irlande) faisaient partie des paradis fiscaux les plus utilisés par les groupes européens.&lt;br /&gt; Mais surtout, après que le G20 ait fait mine de limiter les rémunérations des traders, l'annonce par les banques américaines, puis européennes &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.marianne2.fr/Le-retour-du-cadeau-bonus_a182490.html&quot;&gt;des énormes sommes consacrées en 2009 aux bonus&lt;/a&gt; a montré l'irréalité des discours de Nicolas Sarkozy sur le sujet. En 2009, les bonus distribués par les banques américaines ont augmenté de 20% ce qui les ramène au niveau de 2007.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; En France, les grandes banques ont proclamé urbi et orbi un retour à bonne fortune qui les délivre de tout devoir à l'égard de l'Etat qui a permis leur refinancement au moment du pic de la crise. Apparemment, personne ne s'inquiète d'une anomalie évidente : en France comme aux Etats-Unis, la prospérité retrouvée des établissements financiers s'effectue indépendamment de la crise sociale, de la montée du chômage et de la stagnation générale des salaires et des revenus. Pourquoi ces données macro-économiques n'ont-elles pas de répercussions sur les profits des banques ? La réponse est pourtant évidente : si les banques ne sont pas impactées par la crise sociale, comme on dit dans la novlangue financière colportée par nos ministres, c'est que le coeur de leur business continue de se situer ailleurs dans le commerce de produits spéculatifs.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; C'est ainsi que les banques ne sont pas étrangères au retour en force des hedge finds, 182 créations au cours du deuxième trimestre selon une statistique du Hedge Fond Resarch &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lemonde.fr/la-crise-financiere/article/2009/11/12/apres-la-crise-les-hedge-funds-font-un-retour-en-force_1266241_1101386.html&quot;&gt;cité par Le Monde.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt; En fin de semaine, Jean Peyrelevade, qui dispose d'une bonne expérience de la gestion bancaire, s'élevait à nouveau dans une tribune du &lt;em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Figaro&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt; contre le fait que les états refusent de renouer avec le Glass-Steagall Act interdisant aux banques de dépots d'exercer le métier de banque d'investissement. Cette mesure de bon sens adoptée par les Etats-Unis après la crise de 1929, a été abolie par Bill Clinton en 1999, à la suite de pressions du lobby de Wall Street. Mais aujourd'hui, les banquiers et les gouvernants préfèreraient adopter une taxe Tobin - un moindre mal - plutôt que de reparler du Glass-Steagall Act. Ce n'est évidemment pas un hasard.&lt;br /&gt; La proposition de Peyrelevade rejoint un appel pour interdire les opérations spéculatives aux banques, signé par trois personnalités américaines - Paul Volker, l'ex-président de la Federal Bank, Mervin King, Président de la Banque centrale d'Angleterre et Martin Wolf, éditorialiste du &lt;em&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Calibri&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Financial Times&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Un appel ignoré par le G20 de Pittsburgh. Preuve que les ambitions régulatrices des dirigeants nationaux se sont bien émoussées un an après la crise.&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
</item>
<item>
<guid isPermaLink="true">http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/archive/2009/11/16/quelle-responsabilite-pour-les-multinationales-dans-les-pays.html</guid>
<title>Quelle responsabilité pour les multinationales dans les pays du Sud ?</title>
<link>http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/archive/2009/11/16/quelle-responsabilite-pour-les-multinationales-dans-les-pays.html</link>
<author>noreply@blogs.letelegramme.com (ensemble)</author>
<category>Economie</category>
<pubDate>Mon, 16 Nov 2009 03:48:00 +0100</pubDate>
<description>
&lt;h4&gt;Quelle responsabilité pour les multinationales dans les pays du Sud ?&lt;/h4&gt; &lt;div&gt;Le réseau « European Coalition for Corporate justice » (ECCJ) milite depuis 2005 pour que la responsabilité sociale et environnementale des multinationales soit mieux encadrée, notamment dans les pays du Sud. Le vide juridique actuel complique toute action en justice pour les victimes de violations des droits humains ou environnementaux.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div&gt; &lt;p&gt;L’alliance ECCJ (European Coalition for Corporate Justice (ECCJ), qui regroupe aujourd’hui 250 organisations de 16 pays européens, organisait en France la venue de deux représentants d’ONG de Colombie et d’Afrique du Sud, dans le cadre de la campagne qu’elle mène sur la responsabilité sociale des entreprises. Ces deux exemples, représentatifs des impacts sociaux et environnementaux de certaines multinationales, montrent comment l’impunité et le vide juridique actuels empêchent tout dialogue avec les parties prenantes et à fortiori tout recours en justice. En cause&amp;nbsp;: Fenosa, entreprise espagnole d’électricité opérant en Colombie, et Arcelor Mittal, géant de l’acier opérant notamment en Afrique du Sud. Dans le premier cas, l’entreprise a pris en charge la privatisation de la fourniture de l’électricité en Colombie, tout en excluant d’emblée une partie du pays ( l’équivalent de 7 départements côtiers) pour laquelle les investissements ont été jugés «&amp;nbsp;trop coûteux&amp;nbsp;». Bilan&amp;nbsp;: la population&amp;nbsp; -soit 800&amp;nbsp;000 personnes-doit gérer elle-même le réseau de distribution d’électricité, Fenosa s’étant contentée de fournir les transformateurs…Les conséquences d’un tel dispositif ont été dramatiques&amp;nbsp;: «&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;le réseau est vétuste, donc dangereux&lt;/em&gt;, explique Omar Guzma, représentant des consommateurs. &lt;em&gt;Nous savons qu’il y a eu des centaines de morts par des accidents d’électrocution, mais ni l’entreprise ni le gouvernement ne veulent le reconnaître. La seule réponse de Fenosa consiste à produire des rapports techniques&amp;nbsp; pour justifier la situation, qu’elle est la seule à comprendre&amp;nbsp;!»&lt;/em&gt; Mais ce n’est pas tout&amp;nbsp;: l’entreprise a profité de son monopole pour augmenter ses prix (14 centimes d’euro le KWh contre 11 dans le reste de la Colombie), ce que la population a fini par refuser. Estimant alors que ces communautés sont «&amp;nbsp;en dette&amp;nbsp;» vis-à-vis d’elle, Fenosa a obtenu en compensation 175 millions de dollars de financement public, via un fonds crée par le gouvernement&amp;nbsp;! C’est ainsi qu’est née sa filiale «&amp;nbsp;Energie sociale&amp;nbsp;de la Côte », maquillée en stratégie d’entreprise responsable. « &lt;em&gt;Fenosa a même reçu un prix international à Genève, pour sa politique RSE…&lt;/em&gt; », ajoute Omar Guzma.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rétention d’information&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;Autre pays, autre cas de figure&amp;nbsp;: la politique «&amp;nbsp;environnementale&amp;nbsp;»&amp;nbsp;d’Arcelor Mittal, caractérisée depuis près de 20 ans par l’opacité et la rétention d’information. Elle a en charge, à Vanderbijlpark près de Johannesburg, la plus grande usine d’Afrique sub-saharienne&amp;nbsp;; un site dont les activités ont fait l’objet de plaintes pour non respect des droits humains et de l’environnement. La pollution engendrée par l’usine, qui a notamment affecté les nappes phréatiques de la région, a pourtant été reconnue officiellement par les autorités publiques. Mais malgré les pressions répétées de la société civile, le groupe refuse de publier les informations sur les niveaux de pollution de la région. Arcelor Mittal a certes fini par s’engager à dépolluer le site et à adopter un «&amp;nbsp;plan de gestion environnementale&amp;nbsp;», mais qui reste connu de lui seul…&amp;nbsp;« &lt;em&gt;La population locale n’a pas accès aux informations sur l’étendue passée et actuelle de la pollution et les autorités non plus. Cette rétention empêche la surveillance des stocks de déchets et l’évaluation de leurs impacts réels&amp;nbsp;sur l’environnement&lt;/em&gt;», précise Samson Mokoena, porte parole des ONG et syndicats de la région. L’entreprise, ajoute-t-il, profite des lacunes réglementaires et politiques du pays, mais aussi de la vulnérabilité économique de la population, employée par l’usine. «&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Le poids de ses investissements sont considérables et le chantage à la délocalisation en Chine, régulièrement mis en avant par les dirigeants, est un argument pris en compte par les autorités&amp;nbsp;sud-africaines&lt;/em&gt;», commente-t-il. Le groupe a également obtenu des déplacements forcés de populations, qui n’ont eu droit à un «&amp;nbsp;rachat de terres&amp;nbsp;» qu’après avoir contesté l’affaire devant la justice.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Démarches volontaires&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Si ces exemples sont révélateurs, il en existe beaucoup d’autres, décrits dans le rapport «&amp;nbsp;Pas de pouvoir sans responsabilités&amp;nbsp;»* réalisé par l’ECCJ. Delta du Niger, Birmanie, Chine, Asie Centrale…peu de régions du monde sont en effet épargnées par la violation des standards et normes internationales, causées par des entreprises occidentales. Au niveau européen, plusieurs pistes réglementaires ont été évoquées par l’ECCJ lors du Forum sur la RSE, qui réunit entreprises, investisseurs, société civile et autorités publiques. La coalition d’ONG invite régulièrement la Commission à «&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;prendre des mesures réglementaires afin de garantir la responsabilité sociale des entreprises dans leurs activités, notamment internationales&lt;/em&gt; ». Selon elles, «&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;toutes les démarches de RSE existantes sont des démarches volontaires non sanctionnées. Comment les acteurs financiers et non financiers peuvent-ils évaluer ces entreprises, sans pouvoir accéder à une information transparente et comparable internationalement ?&lt;/em&gt; ».&amp;nbsp; De fait, au plan juridique, plusieurs mesures sont envisageables&amp;nbsp;: rendre les sociétés mères responsables des impacts humains et environnementaux de leurs filiales et demander aux entreprises d’exercer un reporting sur l’ensemble de leurs activités, des risques qu’elles impliquent et de leurs impacts. Et à l’image de la législation américaine, permettre aux populations locales, victimes de ces violations, de porter plainte sur le territoire européen. «&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Sur ce plan, la situation évolue très lentement,&lt;/em&gt; reconnaît Sébastien Godinot des Amis de la Terre, membre de l’ECCJ. &lt;em&gt;Seule une loi émanant de l’Union européenne pourrait modifier les choses et faire pression sur d’autres pays…&lt;/em&gt; ». On en est très loin aujourd’hui. Les entreprises, représentées à Bruxelles par Business Europe et CSR Europe, continuent à souligner “&lt;em&gt;l’importance de conserver une approche volontaire de la RSE&lt;/em&gt;” et mettent en avant les progrès réalisés par les entreprises au sein de «&amp;nbsp;l’Alliance européenne pour la RSE&amp;nbsp;», lancée en mars 2006 avec le soutien de la Commission. L’initiative a donné lieu à des «&amp;nbsp;CSR Laboratories&amp;nbsp;», au sein desquels 200 entreprises européennes échangent «&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;leurs bonnes pratiques en matière de&amp;nbsp;performance extrafinancière&amp;nbsp; et de relations avec leurs parties prenantes&lt;/em&gt; ». Pour les deux organisations, cela ne fait aucun doute&amp;nbsp;: la régulation n'est pas la solution.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;* en ligne sur wwwcorporatejustice.org&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;table border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;&gt; &lt;tbody&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;Véronique Smée&lt;br /&gt; Mis en ligne le : 19/10/2009&lt;br /&gt; © 2009 Novethic - Tous droits réservés&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt; &lt;/table&gt; &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
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<guid isPermaLink="true">http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/archive/2009/11/11/g20-les-ministres-des-finances-jouent-les-grippe-sous.html</guid>
<title>G20: les ministres des Finances jouent les grippe-sous</title>
<link>http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/archive/2009/11/11/g20-les-ministres-des-finances-jouent-les-grippe-sous.html</link>
<author>noreply@blogs.letelegramme.com (ensemble)</author>
<category>Economie</category>
<pubDate>Wed, 11 Nov 2009 00:15:00 +0100</pubDate>
<description>
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SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;19&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;21&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;31&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; 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        mso-style-qformat:yes;         mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;;         mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;         mso-para-margin-top:0cm;         mso-para-margin-right:0cm;         mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;         mso-para-margin-left:0cm;         line-height:115%;         mso-pagination:widow-orphan;         font-size:11.0pt;         font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;         mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;         mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;         mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;         mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;         mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;         mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} &lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 24pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;G20: les ministres des Finances jouent les grippe-sous&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;LE 08/11/2009 LIBERATION&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;La réunion samedi des grands argentiers des Etats représentant 90% du PIB mondial s'est achevée sur un maigre bilan: discorde sur le financement de la lutte contre le réchauffement climatique et tensions sur une taxe financière.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Une journée de discussion pour rien? Les pays du G20, réunis samedi en Ecosse, se sont montrés divisés sur la délicate question du financement de la lutte contre le changement climatique et sur la mise en oeuvre d'une taxe sur la finance, en dépit des encouragements de Londres.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;La Grande-Bretagne, hôte de cette réunion des grands argentiers du G20, avait pourtant solennellement appelé ces pays à s'attaquer de front au problème du changement climatique et à se montrer novateur dans la régulation financière, y compris par la fiscalité.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Le Premier ministre britannique Gordon Brown est venu en personne à Saint Andrews (Ecosse) pour appeler le G20, qui rassemble Etats riches et émergents, à envisager une taxe sur les transactions financières, entre autres mesures destinées à ramener la stabilité dans la planète finances.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&quot;Parmi les propositions figurent une prime d'assurance reflétant le risque systémique, la création d'un fonds, des dispositions sur le capital, ou une taxe sur les transactions financières internationales&quot;, a-t-il énuméré.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;Une taxe, quelle taxe?&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;Mais les participants à ce G20 Finances semblent n'avoir guère partagé cet enthousiasme. Le sujet ne figure pas dans la &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.g20.org/Documents/2009_communique_standrews.pdf&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;déclaration finale&lt;/a&gt; et n'a même pas été abordé lors de la réunion, a assuré devant la presse le président de la banque centrale européenne (BCE), Jean-Claude Trichet.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Le secrétaire américain au Trésor, Tim Geithner, interrogé sur le sujet par la télévision britannique SkyNews, l'a tout simplement écarté en soulignant que cette taxe n'était nullement à l'ordre du jour.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Dominique Strauss-Kahn, le directeur général du Fonds monétaire international (FMI) qui doit réfléchir sur de telles mesures d'ici au mois d'avril, a souligné avec insistance que la mesure envisagée, qu'il appelle pour l'instant &quot;taxe FMI&quot;, ne porterait pas sur les transactions financières, une solution impossible à mettre en oeuvre en pratique, selon lui.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Il s'agirait plus d'une sorte d'assurance, à laquelle les banques qui prennent le plus de risques contribueraient davantage.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;La ministre des Finances française Christine Lagarde a considéré pour sa part que l'idée à l'étude était &quot;une très bonne chose&quot;, observant que &quot;certaines idées doivent faire leur chemin&quot;.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;Un accord ambitieux sur le climat... sans argent?&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;Le gouvernement britannique, a également dû en rabattre sur ses ambitions concernant le climat.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Les ministres se sont contentés d'évoquer la nécessité d'un accord ambitieux et de moyens financiers substantiels pour y parvenir, mais sans fournir aucun engagement chiffré en dépit des pressions britanniques.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Le ministre des Finances Alistair Darling avait exhorté samedi matin ses collègues à trouver les bases d'un accord sur ce financement, alors que la plupart des pays rechignent à parler chiffres: &quot;Si nous ne parvenons pas à nous entendre sur le financement de la lutte contre le changement climatique, ce sera beaucoup, beaucoup plus difficile d'obtenir un accord à Copenhague&quot;.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;La communauté internationale est censée trouver en décembre à Copenhague un accord visant à lutter contre le réchauffement climatique pour remplacer le protocole de Kyoto, qui expire en 2012. Mais un mois avant ce grand rendez-vous, les négociations piétinent.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Le chancelier britannique a également appelé ses collègues à ne pas ménager leurs efforts pour assurer les conditions d'une reprise durable. Faute de quoi, a-t-il lancé, nous ferons face à une &quot;décennie d'austérité&quot;. Sur ce point, le G20 a confirmé, comme il le fait à chacune de ses réunions depuis un an, sa ligne de pas baisser la garde et de maintenir ses politiques de soutien tant que la reprise ne serait pas assurée.&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
</item>
<item>
<guid isPermaLink="true">http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/archive/2009/10/24/les-deputes-votent-la-reforme-de-la-taxe-professionnelle.html</guid>
<title>Les députés votent la réforme de la taxe professionnelle</title>
<link>http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/archive/2009/10/24/les-deputes-votent-la-reforme-de-la-taxe-professionnelle.html</link>
<author>noreply@blogs.letelegramme.com (ensemble)</author>
<category>Economie</category>
<pubDate>Sat, 24 Oct 2009 00:03:00 +0200</pubDate>
<description>
&lt;p&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt; &lt;w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt; &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt; &lt;w:TrackMoves /&gt; &lt;w:TrackFormatting /&gt; &lt;w:HyphenationZone&gt;21&lt;/w:HyphenationZone&gt; &lt;w:PunctuationKerning /&gt; &lt;w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /&gt; &lt;w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;false&lt;/w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt; &lt;w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;false&lt;/w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt; &lt;w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;false&lt;/w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt; &lt;w:DoNotPromoteQF /&gt; &lt;w:LidThemeOther&gt;FR&lt;/w:LidThemeOther&gt; &lt;w:LidThemeAsian&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeAsian&gt; &lt;w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt; &lt;w:Compatibility&gt; &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables /&gt; &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell /&gt; &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct /&gt; &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules /&gt; &lt;w:DontGrowAutofit /&gt; &lt;w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark /&gt; &lt;w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp /&gt; &lt;w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables /&gt; &lt;w:DontVertAlignInTxbx /&gt; &lt;w:Word11KerningPairs /&gt; &lt;w:CachedColBalance /&gt; &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt; &lt;w:BrowserLevel&gt;MicrosoftInternetExplorer4&lt;/w:BrowserLevel&gt; &lt;m:mathPr&gt; &lt;m:mathFont m:val=&quot;Cambria Math&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:brkBin m:val=&quot;before&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:brkBinSub m:val=&quot;&amp;#45;-&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:smallFrac m:val=&quot;off&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:dispDef /&gt; &lt;m:lMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:rMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:defJc m:val=&quot;centerGroup&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:wrapIndent m:val=&quot;1440&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:intLim m:val=&quot;subSup&quot; /&gt; &lt;m:naryLim m:val=&quot;undOvr&quot; /&gt; &lt;/m:mathPr&gt;&lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt; &lt;w:LatentStyles DefLockedState=&quot;false&quot; DefUnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;   DefSemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; DefQFormat=&quot;false&quot; DefPriority=&quot;99&quot;   LatentStyleCount=&quot;267&quot;&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;0&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Normal&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 7&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 8&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 9&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 7&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 8&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 9&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;35&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;caption&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;10&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Title&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;1&quot; Name=&quot;Default Paragraph Font&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;11&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtitle&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;22&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Strong&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;20&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Emphasis&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;59&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Table Grid&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Placeholder Text&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;1&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;No Spacing&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Revision&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;34&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;29&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Quote&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;30&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Quote&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;19&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;21&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;31&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;32&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;33&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Book Title&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;37&quot; Name=&quot;Bibliography&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;TOC Heading&quot; /&gt; &lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt;  /* Style Definitions */  table.MsoNormalTable         {mso-style-name:&quot;Tableau Normal&quot;;         mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;         mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;         mso-style-noshow:yes;         mso-style-priority:99;         mso-style-qformat:yes;         mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;;         mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;         mso-para-margin-top:0cm;         mso-para-margin-right:0cm;         mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;         mso-para-margin-left:0cm;         line-height:115%;         mso-pagination:widow-orphan;         font-size:11.0pt;         font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;         mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;         mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;         mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;         mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;         mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;         mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} &lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.challenges.fr/actualites/politique_economique/20091023.CHA8478/les_deputes_votent_la_reforme_de_la_taxe_professionnell.html&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: underline;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;border: 1pt none windowtext; padding: 0cm; font-size: 24pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; color: black;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.challenges.fr/actualites/politique_economique/20091023.CHA8478/les_deputes_votent_la_reforme_de_la_taxe_professionnell.html&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black;&quot;&gt;Les députés votent la réforme de la taxe professionnelle&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;23/10/2009 CHALLENGES&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Les députés ont voté la réforme de la taxe professionnelle, très controversée et source de tension majeure entre le gouvernement et sa majorité UMP pendant l'examen du projet de budget pour 2010.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;L'Assemblée nationale a dit oui, vendredi 23 octobre,&amp;nbsp; à la réforme de la taxe professionnelle au terme d'un long bras de fer entre le gouvernement et sa majorité UMP et d'une réécriture complète du projet initial, dans le cadre de l'examen du budget 2010.&lt;br /&gt; Après un débat sur le prélèvement européen, l'Assemblée nationale a poursuivi dans la soirée de jeudi l'examen -débuté dans la matinée- des multiples amendements déposés sur l'article portant sur cette réforme et totalement réécrit par la commission des Finances.&lt;br /&gt; Au terme d'une lutte acharnée entre la ministre de l'Economie Christine Lagarde et les députés UMP, ces derniers -qui étaient, fait rare, soutenus par l'ensemble de leurs collègues de gauche comme de droite- ont finalement cédé dans l'après-midi sur l'une de leurs principales exigences.&lt;br /&gt; Ils ont renoncé à revenir sur l'exonération de TP des entreprises de moins de 500.000 euros de chiffre d'affaires. Leur initiative était combattue par le Medef.&lt;br /&gt; La ministre de l'Economie, Christine Lagarde a toutefois renoncé vendredi à instaurer, au niveau national, une péréquation, du produit de la compensation complémentaire devant remplacer la taxe professionnelle, devant l'insistance des députés de droite et de gauche. Le principe de territorialisation de la taxe, soutenus par l'ensemble des députés devrait être voté dans l'après-midi.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;Copé tente de sauver la face&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;Si le patron des députés UMP Jean-François Copé a tenté de sauver la face en se targuant d'avoir désamorcé une situation explosive au sein de la majorité, ce recul constitue bel et bien un revers pour celui qui vante l'avènement d'un &quot;hyper-Parlement&quot;.&lt;br /&gt; &quot;M. Copé, vous êtes l'inventeur de la coproduction (législative, ndlr) mais en fait, vous allez passer à la postérité comme l'inventeur de cocu-production!&quot;, lui a lancé l'ex-ministre du Budget Henri Emmanuelli.&lt;br /&gt; Une fois achevé ce plat de résistance, l'Assemblée devrait s'attaquer à d'autres mesures importantes dont l'instauration de la taxe carbone, qui fait également grincer des dents dans la majorité.&lt;br /&gt; Vendredi, les députés devraient également se prononcer sur l'amendement du président de la commission des Finances, Didier Migaud (PS), qui prévoit l'instauration d'une surtaxe de 10% sur les profits réalisés en 2009 par les banques.&lt;br /&gt; Votée en commission avec l'appui de députés UMP, cette mesure -qui pourrait rapporter 600 millions d'euros en 2010 selon Bercy- est refusée par le gouvernement, qui propose à la place que les banques contribuent au financement de leur autorité de régulation.&lt;br /&gt; Jeudi soir, Didier Migaud ne se faisait plus guère d'illusions sur l'avenir de son amendement. Les députés UMP &quot;ont cédé sur la TP, ils feront de même&quot; sur cette surtaxe, redoute-t-il.&lt;br /&gt; Les députés socialistes &quot;se réjouissent&quot; toutefois dans un communiqué &quot;du recul du gouvernement sur la question de la territorialisation de l'imposition locale des entreprises&quot;. &quot;A l'inverse du dispositif envisagé par le gouvernement, la solution prônée par les parlementaires permet de mieux assurer le lien entre les entreprises et leurs territoires, et de favoriser ainsi le développement local des PME (petites et moyennes entreprises)&quot;.&lt;br /&gt; L'Association des régions de France (ARF) a réagi dans un communiqué en estimant que les régions sont &quot;malmenées&quot; à l'Assemblée. &quot;Le projet de loi de finances 2010 fait disparaître de l'assiette fiscale régionale la taxe foncière bâtie, seul impôt régional en lien avec les ménages&quot;, déplore l'ARF dans un communiqué. &quot;Les régions ne disposent plus ni d'une fiscalité mixte ni d'aucun vote de taux en matière de fiscalité directe (...) Dépendantes à 90% de la dotation de l'Etat, les régions n'auront plus de marge de manoeuvre&quot;.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
</item>
<item>
<guid isPermaLink="true">http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/archive/2009/09/22/la-france-va-creer-une-nouvelle-zone-de-protection-en-medite.html</guid>
<title>La France va créer une nouvelle zone de protection en Méditerranée</title>
<link>http://ensemble.blogs.letelegramme.com/archive/2009/09/22/la-france-va-creer-une-nouvelle-zone-de-protection-en-medite.html</link>
<author>noreply@blogs.letelegramme.com (ensemble)</author>
<category>Economie</category>
<pubDate>Tue, 22 Sep 2009 03:48:00 +0200</pubDate>
<description>
&lt;p&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt; &lt;w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt; &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt; &lt;w:TrackMoves /&gt; &lt;w:TrackFormatting /&gt; &lt;w:HyphenationZone&gt;21&lt;/w:HyphenationZone&gt; &lt;w:PunctuationKerning /&gt; &lt;w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /&gt; &lt;w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;false&lt;/w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt; &lt;w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;false&lt;/w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt; &lt;w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;false&lt;/w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt; &lt;w:DoNotPromoteQF /&gt; &lt;w:LidThemeOther&gt;FR&lt;/w:LidThemeOther&gt; &lt;w:LidThemeAsian&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeAsian&gt; &lt;w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt; &lt;w:Compatibility&gt; &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables /&gt; &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell /&gt; &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct /&gt; &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules /&gt; &lt;w:DontGrowAutofit /&gt; &lt;w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark /&gt; &lt;w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp /&gt; &lt;w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables /&gt; &lt;w:DontVertAlignInTxbx /&gt; 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&lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Revision&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;34&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;29&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Quote&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;30&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Quote&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 2&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;19&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;21&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;31&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;32&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;33&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;    UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Book Title&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;37&quot; Name=&quot;Bibliography&quot; /&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;TOC Heading&quot; /&gt; &lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt;  /* Style Definitions */  table.MsoNormalTable         {mso-style-name:&quot;Tableau Normal&quot;;         mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;         mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;         mso-style-noshow:yes;         mso-style-priority:99;         mso-style-qformat:yes;         mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;;         mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;         mso-para-margin-top:0cm;         mso-para-margin-right:0cm;         mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;         mso-para-margin-left:0cm;         line-height:115%;         mso-pagination:widow-orphan;         font-size:11.0pt;         font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;         mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;         mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;         mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;         mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;         mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;         mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} &lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 24pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;La France va créer une nouvelle zone de protection en Méditerranée&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;LEMONDE.FR avec AFP | 24.08.09 | 18h12&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;•&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Mis à jour le 24.08.09 | 18h12&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;dropcap&quot;&gt;L&lt;/span&gt;a France a décidé de déclarer auprès de l'Organisation des nations unies (ONU) une zone économique exclusive (ZEE) en Méditerranée pour protéger notamment ses ressources halieutiques, a annoncé lundi 24 août le ministre de l'écologie, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lemonde.fr/sujet/73e5/jean-louis-borloo.html&quot;&gt;Jean-Louis Borloo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Cette notion, qui est régie par la Convention des Nations unies sur le droit de la mer (ou Convention dite de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.un.org/french/law/los/unclos/closindx.htm&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Montego Bay&lt;/a&gt;) de 1982, permet aux Etats côtiers d'étendre leurs prérogatives au-delà des douze milles de la zone de la mer territoriale et ce jusqu'à deux cents milles maximum.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;La France, qui dispose, avec près de 11 millions de km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, du deuxième domaine maritime mondial derrière celui des Etats-Unis, a déjà créé en Méditerranée une zone de protection écologique, mais celle-ci ne concerne &lt;em&gt;&quot;que la lutte contre les pollutions, alors que la ZEE concerne la pêche et toutes les ressources, minérales, halieutiques...&quot;&lt;/em&gt; a expliqué le ministre. La ZEE couvrira un périmètre de 70 milles correspondant à l'actuelle zone de protection économique.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&quot;Nous changeons de politique parce que les prélèvements sur les ressources, notamment halieutiques, qui viennent des bateaux du monde entier sans aucun contrôle, sauf dans les eaux territoriales, ne sont pas supportables&quot;,&lt;/em&gt; a-t-il poursuivi.&lt;i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/i&gt; En décrétant une ZEE, la France s'accorde le droit de réguler l'activité de pêche, mais aussi d'exploiter le sous-sol (pétrole, énergies marines, minerais...).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Jusqu'à présent, très peu d'Etats ont créé une zone économique exclusive dans cette région et si tous le faisaient, tout point de la Méditerranée serait sous juridiction d'un Etat. M. Boorlo a d'ailleurs appelé d'autres pays à faire de même dans le cadre de l'Union pour la Méditerranée.&lt;/p&gt;
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